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3.4 Minute

25-July-2024 Team Medicover urology

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Yogesh Sambhaji Torkadi, Urologis

UTIs in Men: Everything You Need to Know

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) happen when bacteria enter the urinary system through the urethra. Though they are more common in women, men can also get UTIs, especially as they get older. If left untreated, a UTI in men can lead to serious health problems.

This guide explains what causes UTIs in men, who is more likely to get them, and how they can be prevented and treated using methods like drinking plenty of water or trying cranberry supplements.

What is Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)?

A urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection that affects parts of the urinary system. These bacteria usually come from the skin or rectum and enter the body through the urethra. The bladder is the most commonly affected part, a condition called cystitis.

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Symptoms of Urinary Tract Infections in Men

Frequent urination
Low-grade fever
Hematuria (urine containing blood)
Solid or persistent urge to urinate
Cloudy urine with a strong odor
Tingling or burning sensation during or after urination
Difficulty urinating, especially with prostate conditions

Sometimes, UTIs may also cause symptoms of a man's penis such as swelling, redness, or discomfort.

Causes of UTI in Men

UTIs in men are usually caused by bacteria like E. coli entering through the urethra. Poor hygiene, an enlarged prostate, kidney stones, or using a catheter can raise the risk. Urinary tract infection and sex, especially anal sex, may also introduce bacteria. Low immunity (like in diabetes), not drinking enough water, or holding urine too long can make infections more likely.

Risk Factors for UTIs in Males

UTIs in men are commonly caused by Escherichia coli (E.coli), a natural bacterium in the body.
Infections can affect various parts of the urinary tract: kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra.
Lower-tract infections: urethritis and bladder infections.
Upper tract infections: ureter and kidney infections.
The urethra, through which urine is expelled via the penis, is the entry point for microorganisms into the urinary tract.

Factors Increasing UTI Risk

Uncontrolled diabetes
Urinary tract obstructions such as Kidney stones or an enlarged prostate
Recent urinary tract or kidney surgery
Inadequate fluid intake

Diagnosis and Tests

To diagnose a UTI in men, doctors ask about your symptoms and medical history. They may also ask about your sexual health, as it can be related.

Common tests include:

Urine test to check for infection.
Physical check-up of the urethra and prostate.
Prostate exam if prostate issues are suspected.
Imaging tests like an ultrasound or X-ray to look at the urinary tract.
IVP (Intravenous Pyelogram) – a special X-ray that shows the bladder, kidneys, and ureters.
Cystoscopy – a small camera is used to look inside the bladder and urethra.

Treatment for UTIs in Men

Antibiotics are the main treatment for UTIs in men. The type of antibiotic depends on the kind of bacteria and where the infection is.

For mild infections (lower urinary tract), treatment usually lasts up to 1 week.
For more serious infections (like in the kidneys), antibiotics may be needed for up to 2 weeks.
In severe cases with fever, strong pain, or vomiting, the person may need to stay in the hospital and get antibiotics through a drip.

Duration of UTI Recovery in Men

With Treatment: Most symptoms improve within 24 hours of starting antibiotics. However, it's important to finish the full course of medication to avoid reinfection.

Without Treatment: An untreated UTI can last longer and may lead to serious issues like kidney or bladder damage, or even a life-threatening blood infection (sepsis).

Prevention Tips for UTIs in Men

Drink plenty of water
Aim for about 1.5 litres (50 ounces) daily to help flush out bacteria from the urinary tract.
Don't hold in urine
Empty your bladder regularly (4–8 times a day) to stop bacteria from growing.
Urinate after sex
This helps clear out any bacteria that may have entered the urethra during intercourse.
Try cranberry supplements
Some studies suggest they may help prevent bacteria from sticking to the urinary tract. Choose supplements over sugary juices.

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Home Remedies for Urinary Tract Infections in Men

Home Remedies for Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in Men

Cranberry Products

Cranberry juice or concentrated supplements may help prevent UTIs by reducing bacterial adhesion in the urinary tract.

Bearberry (Uva Ursi)

Bearberry, also known as Uva Ursi, is sometimes used for its potential antibacterial properties that could help treat UTIs.

Increased Fluid Intake

Drinking plenty of water and fluids helps flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and promotes overall urinary health.

Probiotics

Probiotics containing lactobacillus may help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the urinary tract.

Avoiding Irritants

Avoiding caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, and artificial sweeteners can help reduce irritation of the urinary tract.

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes. If the infection spreads to the kidneys, it can cause lower back or flank pain along with fever or chills.

Yes. Wearing tight or non-breathable underwear can trap moisture and bacteria, increasing the risk of UTIs.

Women are more likely to get UTIs than men because their urethra is shorter and closer to the anus and vagina, making it easier for bacteria to enter. After menopause, hormonal changes can also raise the risk of infection, but this can be treated with medication.

Smoking can weaken immune response and irritate the bladder, potentially increasing the risk of infections.

Yes, antibiotics may cause side effects like nausea, diarrhea, or yeast infections. Always complete the full course unless advised otherwise by a doctor.

When you have a UTI, avoid sugar, spicy foods, citrus fruits, and caffeinated drinks. These can irritate the bladder and make symptoms worse.

UTIs are less common in men but more likely with age. An enlarged prostate can block urine flow, helping bacteria grow and cause infection. This may also impact best medicine for male fertility recommendations in some cases.