Gum Recession: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Gopireddy Keerthi Reddy , Dentists

Causes
Find a Doctor
Diagnosis
Treatment
FAQs
Book an Appointment

1. Causes 2. Find a Doctor 3. Diagnosis 4. Treatment 5. FAQs

Gum recession is a common dental condition in which the gum tissue surrounding the teeth pulls back, exposing the tooth roots. It may result from gum disease, aggressive brushing, genetics, or teeth grinding. Common symptoms include tooth sensitivity, longer-looking teeth, and bleeding gums. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment help prevent further gum loss, protect the teeth, and maintain good oral health.

What are the Common Symptoms of Gum Recession?

Gum recession can develop gradually, so you might not notice it right away. Here are some common symptoms to watch for:

Sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks
Teeth that appear longer than normal
Visible notches or grooves on the tooth near the gum line
Swollen, red, or bleeding gums
Bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth

What are the Common Causes of Gum Recession?

Several factors can contribute to gum recession, including:

Poor Oral Hygiene: Not brushing or flossing regularly can lead to plaque buildup on the teeth and gums. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that can harden into tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist. Tartar buildup can cause the gums to recede.
Aggressive Brushing: Brushing your teeth too hard or using a toothbrush with hard bristles can damage your gums and cause them to recede. It's important to use a soft-bristled toothbrush and gentle brushing techniques.
Gum Disease: Gum diseases, like gingivitis and periodontitis, can cause gum recession. These conditions are usually caused by plaque buildup and can lead to the destruction of gum tissue and the bone that supports the teeth.
Genetics: Some people are more susceptible to gum recession due to their genetic makeup. If your parents had gum recession, you might be at a higher risk.
Hormonal Changes: Hormonal changes in women, such as during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause, can make gums more sensitive and prone to recession.
Tobacco Use: Tobacco products can cause gum recession by damaging the gum tissue and reducing blood flow to the gums.
Grinding and Clenching Teeth: Habitual grinding or clenching of teeth can put excessive force on the gums and cause them to recede.
Misaligned Teeth or Bite: Having misaligned teeth or an improper bite can put extra pressure on certain gums, leading to recession.

When to See a Doctor for Gum Recession?

Consult a dentist or periodontist if you notice receding gums, exposed tooth roots, tooth sensitivity, bleeding gums, or loose teeth. Early treatment can help prevent further gum loss, tooth decay, and tooth loss.

You should see a doctor if you have:

Noticeable gum recession or exposed tooth roots
Persistent tooth sensitivity
Bleeding, swollen, or painful gums
Persistent bad breath despite good oral hygiene

Get medical help immediately if:

Severe tooth pain or swelling
Pus around the gums or teeth
A loose tooth with severe pain
Facial swelling or signs of a spreading dental infection

These could be signs of advanced gum disease or a serious dental infection requiring urgent care.

Find Dentists for Gum Recession Treatment Near You

How Is Gum Recession Diagnosed?

Diagnosis involves a thorough dental examination to assess the extent of gum recession, identify its cause, and evaluate the overall health of the gums and supporting structures.

Review of medical and dental history
Clinical examination of the gums and teeth
Measurement of gum recession using a periodontal probe
Assessment of periodontal pocket depth
Dental X-rays to evaluate bone loss
Evaluation of bite alignment and teeth grinding
Assessment for signs of gum disease or infection

What Treatments are Available for Gum Recession?

If you already have gum recession, several treatment options can help restore your gum health and protect your teeth.

Scaling and Root Planing: This deep cleaning procedure removes plaque and tartar from the teeth and root surfaces below the gum line. It also smooths the roots to help the gums reattach to the teeth.
Gum Grafting: In a gum grafting procedure, a dentist or periodontist takes gum tissue from another area of your mouth (or uses donor tissue) and attaches it to the area where the gums have receded. This can help cover exposed roots and promote new tissue growth.
Pinhole Surgical Technique: This minimally invasive procedure involves making a small hole in the gum tissue and using special instruments to gently reposition the gums over the exposed roots. It's less invasive than traditional gum grafting and has a shorter recovery time.
Desensitizing Agents: If you experience sensitivity due to gum recession, your dentist may recommend desensitizing agents, such as fluoride varnishes or special toothpaste, to help reduce sensitivity.
Antibiotics: If gum recession is caused by gum disease, your dentist may prescribe antibiotics to eliminate the infection and promote healing.
Laser Therapy: Laser therapy can be used to remove infected gum tissue and promote the reattachment of healthy gum tissue to the teeth. This can be a less invasive option compared to traditional surgery.

Gum recession is a common dental issue that can lead to sensitivity, pain, and an increased risk of tooth decay and infection. Understanding the causes and symptoms of gum recession can help you take steps to prevent it. If you already have gum recession, there are several effective treatment options available to restore your gum health and protect your teeth.

Regular dental checkups and good oral hygiene practices are key to maintaining healthy gums and preventing gum recession. By staying informed and proactive about your oral health, you can keep your smile healthy and beautiful for years to come.

Your health is everything - prioritize your well-being today.

Consult Gum Recession Doctors Today

What Are the Ways to Prevent Gum Recession?

Preventing gum recession involves maintaining good oral hygiene and making healthy lifestyle choices. Here are some tips to help you prevent gum recession:

Practice Good Oral Hygiene: Brush your teeth twice a day with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste. Floss daily to remove plaque and food particles from between your teeth and along the gum line. Regular dental checkups and cleanings are also essential to maintaining healthy gums.
Use Proper Brushing Techniques: Avoid brushing your teeth too hard. Use gentle, circular motions rather than aggressive back-and-forth scrubbing. Consider using an electric toothbrush with a pressure sensor to help you avoid brushing too hard.
Quit Tobacco Use: If you use tobacco products, quitting can help improve your gum health and reduce your risk of gum recession.
Wear a Mouthguard: If you grind or clench your teeth, talk to your dentist about getting a custom mouthguard to protect your teeth and gums.
Correct Misaligned Teeth: If you have misaligned teeth or an improper bite, orthodontic treatment such as braces or clear aligners can help correct the issue and reduce the risk of gum recession.