Vildagliptin: Uses, Side Effects, Storage and Precautions

Vildagliptin is an oral anti-diabetic medication that belongs to the class of DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitors. It is primarily used to manage blood sugar levels in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. By enhancing insulin secretion and suppressing glucagon levels, it helps achieve better glycemic control.

What is Vildagliptin?

Vildagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor that improves pancreatic function by preserving incretin hormones like GLP-1 and GIP. These hormones help the pancreas release more insulin and lower glucagon secretion when blood sugar levels are high, aiding in blood glucose regulation.

What are the Benefits and Uses of Vildagliptin?

Vildagliptin is used to help control blood sugar levels in people with Type 2 diabetes. It can be used alone or in combination with other diabetes medications. By improving insulin release and reducing excess sugar production, it helps lower both fasting and post-meal glucose levels.

• Helps control blood sugar levels in Type 2 diabetes
• Can be used alone or in combination with other anti-diabetic medications
• Improves both fasting and post-meal glucose levels
• Reduces the risk of hypoglycemia compared to other oral agents

Conditions Vildagliptin Treats

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Secondary Uses of Vildagliptin

• May be used off-label in combination therapies where dual or triple therapy is needed for glycemic control

How Does Vildagliptin Work?

Vildagliptin works by inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme, which normally breaks down incretin hormones. By preserving GLP-1 and GIP levels, it enhances insulin release from pancreatic beta cells and decreases glucagon production from alpha cells - helping lower blood glucose levels, especially after meals.

Vildagliptin Dosage

The dosage of Vildagliptin is determined by your doctor based on your individual health needs and treatment plan. It is usually taken once or twice daily, and it's important to follow the prescribed schedule closely for the best results.

• Usually prescribed as 50 mg once or twice daily.
• Dosage may vary depending on your medical history and use of other medications.
• Always follow your doctor's dosage instructions and read the prescription label carefully.

What Should I Do If I Miss a Dose?

• Take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
• If it's nearly time for your next dose, skip the missed dose.
• Do not double up to make up for a missed one.

What Happens if an Overdose?

• Symptoms may include irregular heartbeat, dizziness, fainting, or difficulty breathing.
• Seek immediate medical attention if overdose is suspected.

What are the Side Effects of Vildagliptin?

Like all medications, Vildagliptin may cause some side effects. These can range from mild symptoms like headache or stomach discomfort to more serious reactions in rare cases. Monitoring your response to the medication is essential.

Common side effects

• Headache
• Cough
• Constipation
• Excessive sweating
• Weakness

Serious side effects

• Hypoglycemia (especially when used with other medications)
• Swelling of the face, lips, or eyelids
• Heartburn
• Liver enzyme elevation

Consult your doctor if side effects worsen or persist.

Precautions and Warnings

Before using Vildagliptin, certain health conditions and risk factors must be discussed with your doctor. Special caution may be required in people with liver problems, a history of pancreatitis, or during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

• Not recommended for patients with Type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.
• Use with caution if you have liver issues, skin allergies, or a history of pancreatitis.
• Regular liver function tests may be required.
• Avoid pregnancy or breastfeeding unless advised by your doctor.

Are There Any Age Restrictions for Using Vildagliptin?

• Vildagliptin is typically prescribed for adults and is not recommended for pediatric use unless explicitly directed by a healthcare provider.

Alcohol or Food Interactions

• Avoid excessive alcohol intake as it can affect blood sugar levels and increase the risk of side effects.

Possible Interactions with Other Medications (Drug Interactions)

Vildagliptin can interact with other diabetes medications, supplements, or drugs that affect liver function. Be sure to tell your doctor about all the medicines and supplements you are taking to avoid unwanted effects.

• May interact with other anti-diabetic drugs, increasing the risk of low blood sugar.
• Inform your doctor if you are using insulin, sulfonylureas, or herbal supplements.

How Should Vildagliptin Be Stored?

Store Vildagliptin at room temperature in a dry place, away from heat, moisture, and direct sunlight. Always keep it out of reach of children and pets, and avoid using it past the expiration date.

• Store at room temperature (20°C to 25°C or 68°F to 77°F).
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight.
• Do not store it in the bathroom. Keep out of reach of children.

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