Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Krishna Haskar Dhanyamraju , Neurologists

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1. Causes 2. Find a Doctor 3. Diagnosis 4. Treatment 5. FAQs

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis is a viral disease caused by the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), an arenavirus commonly carried by rodents. The infection can affect the central nervous system and may lead to inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Human infection usually occurs through exposure to contaminated rodent secretions, making awareness and early medical attention important for preventing serious complications.

What are the Symptoms or Warning Signs of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis?

The symptoms of lymphocytic choriomeningitis often occur in two stages. The early stage involves flu-like symptoms, while the later stage may affect the central nervous system.

Fever and chills
General fatigue and malaise
Loss of appetite
Headache
Muscle aches
Nausea and vomiting
Stiff neck and sensitivity to light
Confusion or drowsiness in severe cases

What are the Common Causes of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis?

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis is caused by infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. The primary source of the virus is infected rodents, particularly house mice.

Exposure to infected rodents or their secretions
Contact with contaminated surfaces, food, or water
Inhalation of dust containing rodent droppings or urine
Transmission from an infected pregnant woman to the fetus

When to See a Doctor for Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis?

Persistent fever, severe headache, neck stiffness, or neurological symptoms after rodent exposure should be evaluated by an Infectious Disease Specialist or Neurologist. Early assessment can help identify complications and ensure appropriate medical care.

You should see a doctor if you have:

Fever and severe headache after rodent exposure
Persistent nausea, fatigue, or muscle aches
Symptoms lasting longer than expected

Get medical help immediately if:

Neck stiffness or confusion
Seizures or loss of consciousness
Signs of meningitis or encephalitis

These could be signs of a serious complication like Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis, which needs urgent care.

Find Neurologists for Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Treatment Near You

How is Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Diagnosed?

Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, medical history, and laboratory tests that detect the virus or the body's immune response to it.

Blood tests to detect antibodies against the virus
Cerebrospinal fluid leak analysis to identify infection in the nervous system
Polymerase chain reaction testing to detect viral genetic material
Clinical evaluation of neurological symptoms

What are the Treatment Options for Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis?

There is no specific antiviral treatment approved for lymphocytic choriomeningitis. Treatment mainly focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting the body while it fights the infection.