Elastofibroma: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr NVS Vinay , Orthopedics

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1. Causes 2. Find a Doctor 3. Diagnosis 4. Treatment 5. FAQs

Elastofibroma, also known as elastofibroma dorsi when it occurs beneath the shoulder blade, is a rare benign soft tissue tumor composed of abnormal elastic fibers and connective tissue. It most commonly develops beneath the scapula in older adults, particularly women, and may occur on one or both sides. While many cases are asymptomatic, some individuals experience shoulder pain, stiffness, a snapping sensation, or discomfort during arm movement. Early diagnosis helps distinguish elastofibroma from malignant tumors and guides appropriate management, which may include observation or surgical removal if symptoms are significant.

What are the Types Of Elastofibroma?

Elastofibroma is typically classified into two main types: classical and atypical.

Classical elastofibroma presents as a slow-growing, benign tumor composed of abnormal elastic fibers in a background of fibrous tissue. It commonly occurs in the subscapular region of older individuals and is usually asymptomatic.

In contrast, atypical elastofibroma is a rare variant that may exhibit more aggressive behavior, with features such as rapid growth, larger size, and potential for local invasion.

Other Types of Elastofibroma:

Typical Elastofibroma: Characterized by a slow-growing, painless mass usually located in the subscapular region.
Symptomatic Elastofibroma: Presenting with symptoms such as pain, limited shoulder mobility, or compression of adjacent structures.
Asymptomatic Elastofibroma: Often an incidental finding on imaging studies, without causing any symptoms or functional impairment.

What are the Symptoms of Elastofibroma?

Elastofibroma may present with symptom. If you notice any unusual lumps or persistent pain in your lower back, it's essential to consult a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and management.

Elastofibroma may present with a painless mass in the lower thoracic region of the back.
Some individuals with Elastofibroma may experience discomfort or pain when lying on the affected side.
Limited range of motion in the shoulder or back area could be a symptom of Elastofibroma.
Elastofibroma may cause a sensation of pressure or fullness in the affected area.
Rarely, Elastofibroma can lead to complications such as nerve compression or muscle weakness.

What are the Causes of Elastofibroma?

The exact cause of Elastofibroma is not fully understood, but it is believed to develop due to repetitive mechanical stress or trauma to the affected area. While the precise etiology remains unclear, a combination of mechanical factors and genetic susceptibility likely contributes to the formation of Elastofibroma.

Elastofibroma can be caused by genetic factors, leading to the abnormal growth of fibrous tissue in the body.
Chronic friction or pressure in specific areas of the body can contribute to the development of Elastofibroma.
Environmental factors such as exposure to certain toxins or chemicals may play a role in the formation of Elastofibroma.
Age-related changes in the body's connective tissues can predispose individuals to developing Elastofibroma over time.
In some cases, a history of trauma or injury to a particular area of the body can trigger the development of Elastofibroma.

When to See a Doctor for Elastofibroma?

Individuals who notice a persistent lump beneath the shoulder blade, shoulder pain, or restricted shoulder movement should consult an Orthopedic or Surgical Oncologist for evaluation.

You should see a doctor if you experience:

A slowly growing lump beneath the shoulder blade
Persistent shoulder discomfort during movement
Clicking or snapping sensations with shoulder motion

Seek immediate medical attention if you:

Notice rapid enlargement of the lump
Develop severe pain, redness, or signs of infection
Experience sudden weakness or loss of shoulder function

These symptoms may indicate another underlying condition requiring urgent medical evaluation.

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How is Elastofibroma Diagnosed?

Initially, a physical examination is conducted to assess the mass and its characteristics. Collaborating with a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals can help ensure a comprehensive diagnostic approach for Elastofibroma.

Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans can help visualize the characteristic fatty and fibrous components of Elastofibroma.
A biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis by examining the tissue sample under a microscope.
Clinical evaluation involving a physical examination and medical history discussion is essential for diagnosing Elastofibroma.
Differential diagnosis to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms is crucial in diagnosing Elastofibroma.

What are the Treatment for Elastofibroma?

Elastofibroma, a rare benign soft tissue tumor, typically does not require treatment unless it becomes symptomatic. When intervention is needed, surgical excision is the primary option. This procedure involves removing the elastofibroma to alleviate pain or discomfort.

In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be recommended to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms. Physical therapy can also play a role in managing pain and improving mobility post-surgery. Regular monitoring through follow-up appointments is crucial to track any changes in the condition and ensure appropriate management.

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What are the Risk Factors Of Elastofibroma?

While the exact cause of Elastofibroma is not well understood, certain risk factors have been identified. Understanding these risk factors can aid in early detection and management of the condition.

Advanced age, typically over 50 years old, is a common risk factor for Elastofibroma development.
Female gender is more predisposed to Elastofibroma compared to males.
Chronic repetitive trauma or mechanical stress to the affected area may increase the likelihood of Elastofibroma.
Genetic factors or a family history of Elastofibroma can contribute to an individual's risk of developing the condition.
Some studies suggest that individuals with a history of heavy physical labor or strenuous activity may have a higher risk of Elastofibroma.

What is the Recovery Process for Elastofibroma?

Recovery depends on whether surgery is required. Most individuals recover well after surgical excision, with gradual improvement in shoulder comfort and movement over several weeks. Regular follow-up helps monitor healing and detect the rare occurrence of recurrence.

Following postoperative instructions, participating in shoulder rehabilitation exercises, attending scheduled follow-up appointments, and gradually returning to normal activities help support complete recovery and long-term shoulder function.

Recovery Includes

Following wound care instructions after surgery.
Performing prescribed shoulder exercises.
Attending regular orthopedic follow-up appointments.
Gradually resuming daily activities.
Monitoring for recurrence or new symptoms.
Maintaining shoulder flexibility and strength through rehabilitation.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How is Elastofibroma diagnosed?

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, and, in some cases, a biopsy to confirm that the tumor is benign.

2. Who is at risk of developing Elastofibroma?

Elastofibroma is more common in older adults, particularly women over the age of 50, and in people whose occupations or activities involve repetitive shoulder movements.

3. How is Elastofibroma treated?

Treatment depends on symptoms. Small, asymptomatic tumors may only require observation, while symptomatic tumors are usually treated with surgical removal.

4. Is Elastofibroma cancerous?

No, Elastofibroma is a benign (non-cancerous) tumor and does not spread to other parts of the body.

5. What complications can occur with Elastofibroma?

Complications are uncommon but may include chronic shoulder discomfort, restricted shoulder movement, recurrence after surgery in rare cases, and postoperative complications.

6. Can Elastofibroma recur after treatment?

Recurrence is uncommon after complete surgical removal, and most people recover fully without long-term problems.

7. What is the prognosis for Elastofibroma?

The prognosis is excellent. Most individuals have complete symptom relief after surgery, and asymptomatic cases often remain stable without treatment.

8. Can Elastofibroma be prevented?

There is no known way to prevent Elastofibroma. However, minimizing repetitive shoulder strain may help reduce mechanical stress in susceptible individuals.