Cystitis: Symptoms, Causes and Treatments

• Bacterial cystitis
• Drug-induced cystitis
• Radiation cystitis
• Foreign body cystitis
• Chemical cystitis

For cases of acute cystitis, the symptoms may include:

• Pain, burning or stinging urination
• Urinating more frequently
• Dark and cloudy urine
• Strong-smelling urine
• Urgent need to pass urine
• Pain in the lower stomach
• General aches, weakness, and tiredness

The symptoms are the same for males as they are for females.

In children, the symptoms may include

• Fever
• Tiredness, weakness, aches
• Irritability
• Lack of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting.

Causes

The cause of cystitis determines the kind of cystitis treatment. They can be caused by the following reasons as well.

Some factors can increase a woman's chances of developing cystitis:

• Being sexually active
• Using diaphragms with spermicide in them
• Using tampons
• Being past menopause
• Being pregnant

For both men and women, the following factors can increase the risk of cystitis:

• A recent urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Radiation or chemotherapy
• Using a catheter
• Having diabetes, kidney stones, or HIV
• An injury to the spine
• Something that affects the flow of pee
• In men, an enlarged prostate can increase the risk.

• Drink lots of water and other healthy beverages. If you're receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy, staying hydrated is very crucial, especially on treatment days.
• Urinate at regular intervals. If you need to urinate, don't put off going to the bathroom.
• After a bowel movement, wipe from front to back. This keeps germs from migrating from the anal area to the vagina and urethra.
• Shower instead of taking a bath. Showering rather than bathing may help avoid infections if you're prone to them.
• Wash the area surrounding the vaginal and anus canals gently. Do this on a daily basis, but don't use strong soaps or scrub too hard. The sensitive skin around these places is prone to irritation.
• After intercourse, empty your bladder as quickly as feasible. To assist flush germs, drink a full glass of water.
• Deodorant sprays and feminine items should not be used in the vaginal region. The urethra and bladder might be irritated by these products.

• Cystoscopy :
A cystoscope, a tiny tube with a camera inserted into your urethra by your doctor to check for issues or get a tissue sample for further testing (biopsy).
• Imaging : Tumours, kidney stones, and other disorders can be detected using an ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI.
• An intravenous urogram (IVU) : It's an X-ray that takes pictures of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder using contrast dye.
• Voiding cystourethrography : A dye is injected into your bladder by your doctor to see if any urine travels backwards from the bladder to the kidneys.
• Retrograde urethrography : Retrograde urethrography is a technique for examining the urethra from the This test employs contrast dye to detect urethral abnormalities.
• Treatment : Which type of treatment you need will depend on the cause. Medication and surgery are the commonly suggested treatment methodologies
• Medications : Antibiotics are frequently used to treat bacterial cystitis. Medication can also be used to treat interstitial cystitis. The treatment for interstitial cystitis is determined by the aetiology.