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3.5 minute

25-07-2024 Team Medicover general-medicine

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Mithil B Ghushe

Rabies Vaccine: Dosage, Schedule, and Side Effects

Rabies, a deadly virus affecting the central nervous system of mammals, including humans, is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected animal. Once symptoms appear, rabies is almost always fatal. However, the power to prevent this lies in getting vaccinated against rabies, a crucial step for both humans and animals. In this article, we will delve into the life-saving importance of getting rabies vaccinated, the vaccine schedule, costs, and potential side effects.

What is Rabies?

Rabies is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals. Early symptoms can include fever and tingling at the site of exposure. These symptoms are followed by violent movements, uncontrolled excitement, fear of water, an inability to move parts of the body, confusion, and loss of consciousness. Once symptoms appear, rabies is almost always fatal.

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The Importance of Rabies Vaccination

For Humans

Rabies vaccination is crucial for humans, especially those at higher risk of exposure. This includes veterinarians, animal handlers, and people travelling to areas where rabies is common. The vaccine provides immunity to the virus, preventing the disease from developing if exposed.

Rabies Vaccine Schedule

The rabies vaccine schedule for humans typically involves three doses. The first dose is given as soon as possible after exposure, followed by additional doses on the 7th and 21st or 28th days.

Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

Immediate Cleaning : Clean the wound with soap and water immediately.

Vaccine Doses : Take the first dose as soon as possible, followed by doses on days 3, 7, and 14.

Immunoglobulin : In some cases, rabies immunoglobulin is also administered.

Human Rabies Vaccine Price

The price of rabies vaccination for humans is significantly higher. A single dose can cost between ₹ 250 and ₹ 350, and an entire course of three doses can range from ₹ 750 to ₹ 1100. Insurance may cover some or all of the costs, particularly for high-risk individuals.

Side Effects of Rabies Vaccine

For Humans

Most people who receive the rabies vaccine experience only mild side effects. These can include:

Soreness at the injection site
Headache
Nausea
Abdominal pain
Muscle aches

While severe allergic reactions to the rabies vaccine are rare, they can occur. Symptoms may include difficulty breathing, swelling of the face and throat, and a rapid heartbeat. If any severe symptoms occur, seek medical attention immediately. Remember, these severe reactions are rare, and most people who receive the rabies vaccine experience only mild side effects.

Types of Rabies Vaccines

There are two primary types of rabies vaccinations:

1. Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP):

This is recommended for people who are at a higher risk of coming in contact with rabid animals, such as:

Veterinarians
Animal handlers
Lab workers dealing with rabies virus
Travelers to high-risk areas

3 doses given on days 0, 7, and 21 or 28

2. Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP):

Administered after a bite or exposure to a potentially rabid animal. Even if a person was not previously vaccinated, the rabies vaccine can prevent the virus from progressing.

4 doses on days 0, 3, 7, and 14
Plus Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG) on day 0 for immediate protection

Rabies Vaccine Names

There are several types of rabies vaccines available for humans and animals. Some commonly used human rabies vaccines include:

Imovax Rabies
RabAvert

Anti-Rabies Vaccine Dose for Adults

The anti-rabies vaccine dose for adults is the same as for children. The standard dose is 1.0 mL, administered intramuscularly. The vaccination schedule for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) consists of doses on days 0, 3, 7, and 14.

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Conclusion

Rabies is a deadly disease that poses a severe threat to both humans and animals. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent rabies and protect public health. By understanding the importance of rabies vaccination, following the recommended vaccine schedules diligently, and being aware of potential side effects, you can make informed decisions to safeguard your health and the health of your pets.

Rabies vaccination is not just a personal health measure; it is a public health responsibility. Ensure that you and your pets are vaccinated to contribute to a safer community.

Frequently Asked Questions

The anti-rabies vaccine is generally effective for several years, but booster shots may be needed depending on risk factors.

The rabies vaccine typically provides immunity for 1 to 3 years, but the duration may vary based on individual health and exposure risk.

Yes, the rabies vaccine can be administered as a preventive measure for people at high risk of exposure, even without a dog bite.

The standard rabies vaccination schedule for post-exposure usually includes 4 doses, but it may vary based on the specific situation and guidelines.

For a dog bite, the rabies vaccination regimen typically includes 4 to 5 injections, depending on the vaccination history and exposure risk.

After receiving the anti-rabies vaccine, avoid alcohol and consult with your healthcare provider about any specific restrictions or additional care.

Rabies can be confirmed through specialized tests, but they are not commonly used because symptoms usually appear when the disease is already advanced. Prevention through vaccination is the most reliable way to stay safe.

Disclaimer:The information provided is accurate and up-to-date to the best of our knowledge. However, it should not be considered a substitute for medical advice or consultation. We do not guarantee its completeness or accuracy. The absence of specific warnings does not mean a medicine is safe for all users. We are not responsible for any outcomes based on this information and strongly recommend consulting a doctor for any medical concerns or questions.