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What is Renal Artery Stenosis?
Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Bhaskara Rao Beesetty , Nephrologists
Renal artery stenosis is a condition where one or both arteries that supply blood to the kidneys become narrow(less compressed). These arteries are called renal arteries.
When these arteries get narrow, less blood reaches the kidneys. The kidneys need a good blood supply to work properly.They help filter waste from the blood and control fluid and salt balance. If blood flow is reduced, the kidneys may not function well, and it can lead to high blood pressure and kidney damage.
What are the Symptoms of Renal Artery Stenosis?
Renal artery stenosis usually has no symptoms in the early stages. Many people don't know they have it until it's found during tests for another issue.
Doctors may suspect renal artery stenosis if:
- You develop high blood pressure suddenly
- Your blood pressure becomes worse without a clear reason
- You get high blood pressure before age 30 or after age 50
- As the condition progresses, symptoms may include:
- High blood pressure that is difficult to manage
- A whooshing sound over the kidney area, heard with a stethoscope
- Protein in the urine or signs of reduced kidney function
- Kidney problems that get worse while treating high blood pressure
- Swelling in the body due to fluid buildup
- Heart failure that doesn't improve with treatment
These signs may point to serious problems with kidney function and need medical attention.
What are the Common Causes and Risk Factors of Renal Artery Stenosis?
The most common cause of renal artery stenosis is atherosclerosis, where fatty deposits build up in the arteries and cause narrowing.
Another cause is fibromuscular dysplasia, a condition that affects the structure of the artery walls.
Common risk factors include:
These factors can increase the chances of developing the condition over time.
Get a second opinion from trusted experts and makeconfident, informed decisions.
Get Second OpinionHow Renal Artery Stenosis is Diagnosed?
Renal artery stenosis is a condition where the arteries that supply blood to your kidneys become narrowed, potentially leading to high blood pressure and kidney damage. Early diagnosis is key to preventing complications and preserving kidney function.
At Medicover Hospitals, we follow a patient-first approach with advanced diagnostics and expert care to ensure accurate and timely detection.
Common Diagnostic Tests for Renal Artery Stenosis
- Blood Tests: Measures kidney function (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen).
- Urine Tests: Checks for protein or other abnormalities that signal kidney stress or damage.
- Ultrasound with Doppler Imaging: A test that uses sound waves to assess blood flow in renal arteries.
- CT Angiography (CTA): Detailed imaging of blood vessels using a CT scan and contrast dye.
Medicover's Diagnostic Excellence
At Medicover Hospitals, we make diagnosing renal artery stenosis simple, accurate, and patient-friendly.
Our expert team uses the latest medical tools and works together to make sure you get the right diagnosis and the best care.
- Advanced Scanning Facilities: We use high-quality machines like Doppler ultrasound, CT Angiography (CTA), and MRI Angiography (MRA) to check blood flow to your kidneys. These tests help us see if your kidney arteries are narrowed.
- Specialist Kidney and Heart Doctors: Our nephrologists (kidney doctors) and cardiologists (heart specialists) work together to find the exact cause of your problem and plan your treatment effectively.
- Skilled Interventional Radiology Team: We have experts who perform special imaging tests like renal angiograms and can also place stents if needed to improve blood flow to the kidneys.
- Quick and Accurate Lab Tests: Our fully-equipped labs give fast results for blood and urine tests, helping us check how well your kidneys are working.
- Personalized Diagnostic Plans: Every patient is different. We look at your full health history including conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, or past kidney issues, to choose the right tests for you.
What are the Treatment Options for Renal Artery Stenosis?
The main goal of treatment is to improve blood flow to the kidneys, control high blood pressure, and prevent kidney damage. Treatment depends on how severe the condition is and your overall health.
Medications
Doctors usually start with medicines to manage the condition:
- Blood Pressure Medicines: Drugs like ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or calcium channel blockers help lower high blood pressure caused by narrowed kidney arteries.
- Cholesterol Medicines (Statins): These help reduce cholesterol and slow down further narrowing of the arteries.
- Blood Thinners (like aspirin): These prevent blood clots and lower the risk of heart attack or stroke.
Interventional Procedures
If medicines are not enough, your doctor may suggest a procedure:
- Angioplasty with Stenting: A small balloon is used to open the blocked artery, and a tiny mesh tube (stent) is placed to keep it open. It's a simple, low-risk procedure done without major surgery.
- Surgery (in rare cases): If the blockage is very serious, surgery like renal artery bypass or plaque removal may be needed to restore blood flow.
With the right treatment and care, most people can manage renal artery stenosis and live a healthy life. Your doctor at Medicover will help choose the best plan based on your condition.
When to See a Doctor for Renal Artery Stenosis?
If you are experiencing uncontrolled high blood pressure or worsening kidney function, it could be more than just routine health issues, it might be renal artery stenosis, a condition that needs timely medical attention.
Watch for These Warning Signs:
- High blood pressure that doesn't respond to regular medications
- Sudden increase in blood pressure (especially after age 50)
- Changes in kidney function (noted in routine blood tests)
- Swelling in the ankles or legs
- Frequent headaches, fatigue, or shortness of breath
How Long Should You Wait?
- If these symptoms persist for more than 2-3 weeks, or if your blood pressure remains uncontrolled despite treatment, it's time to see a specialist.
- If you have known kidney issues or a family history of heart or vascular disease, don't wait, early evaluation is crucial.
High-Risk Groups Who Should Consult Early:
- Individuals with diabetes or high cholesterol
- Patients with chronic kidney disease
- Smokers or those with a history of heart problems
- People over the age of 50, especially with a history of high blood pressure
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Recovery Process After Renal Artery Stenosis Treatment
Recovering from renal artery stenosis treatment happens gradually, and at Medicover Hospitals, we make sure you're cared for with personal attention at every stage. Immediately After the Procedure
If you undergo a minimally invasive treatment like angioplasty or stent placement:
- You may stay in the hospital for 1 to 2 days for observation.
- Most patients can start walking within 24 hours.
- You'll be monitored for blood pressure, kidney function, and any signs of complications.
First Few Weeks at Home
- You'll need to rest and avoid heavy lifting for about a week.
- Our doctors may adjust your blood pressure or kidney medications based on your progress.
- You'll be advised to follow a low-salt diet and drink plenty of fluids to help your kidneys heal.
1-3 Months Post-Treatment
- Follow-up appointments are essential to check how well blood is flowing to your kidneys and whether your blood pressure is under control.
- You may feel more energetic as kidney function improves and blood pressure becomes more stable.
Long-Term Management
- If you've had a stent placed, our specialists will guide you on maintaining its health through routine imaging and blood tests.
At Medicover, we don't just treat the disease, we walk with you through recovery, ensuring you feel supported, informed, and confident every step of the way.
Precautions to Prevent Renal Artery Stenosis
As prevention is better than cure, taking simple steps every day can help reduce the risk of kidney artery narrowing and keep your kidneys healthy.
How to Prevent It?
- Keep your blood pressure under control: check it regularly and take medicines if needed.
- Eat healthy: reduce salt, oily, and junk food.
- Quit smoking: smoking damages blood vessels.
- Exercise daily: even a 30-minute walk helps.
- Manage sugar and cholesterol levels: follow up if you have diabetes or high cholesterol.
- Go for regular health check-ups: especially if you have high BP, diabetes, or family history of kidney or heart problems.
Early care and lifestyle changes can prevent major health issues. Always consult your doctor if you notice unusual symptoms or have existing health conditions.
Our Experience in Treating Renal Artery Stenosis
At Medicover Hospitals, we take care of people with renal artery stenosis with both expertise and compassion.
Our team of doctors including kidney, heart, and radiology specialists, work together to find the right treatment for each patient.
We use advanced tests and modern treatments like stent placement to improve blood flow to the kidneys. But more than that, we make sure every patient feels safe, comfortable, and supported throughout their journey.
From early diagnosis to recovery, we stand by your side with personal care, regular follow-ups, and guidance at every step.
At Medicover, your health and comfort come first. We're here to help you live better.
