Obesity: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Vasantha Kumar , General Medicine

Obesity is a chronic medical condition characterized by excessive body fat that poses a risk to overall health. It affects the metabolic, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems, increasing the likelihood of serious health issues like diabetes and heart disease. Early diagnosis and proper care can greatly improve quality of life.

What are the Obesity Symptoms and Warning Signs?

Obesity can develop gradually and go unnoticed. Recognizing its symptoms early can help in timely intervention. These symptoms impact both physical and emotional health. Seeking medical attention is crucial when symptoms start to affect daily functioning.

Symptoms in Adults

Excessive body fat accumulation
Shortness of breath
Snoring and trouble sleeping
Skin issues
Physical limitations
Persistent fatigue
Joint or back pain
Emotional distress

Symptoms in Children and Adolescents

Stretch marks on the hips and back
Eating disorders
Sleep apnea
Digestive problems
Orthopedic issues

What are the Different Types of Obesity?

Obesity is classified based on fat distribution, underlying causes, and severity. Understanding the types helps in tailoring appropriate treatment strategies for individuals. Each type presents unique challenges requiring different interventions and monitoring techniques.

Visceral Obesity: Fat around internal organs, high metabolic risk
Subcutaneous Obesity: Fat under the skin, lower health risk
Android Obesity: Abdominal fat is common in men
Gynoid Obesity: Fat in hips and thighs, common in women
Endogenous Obesity: Result of genetics or hormones
Exogenous Obesity: Due to overeating and inactivity
Childhood Obesity: Affects children, often from a poor diet
Morbid Obesity: BMI of 40 or more, high risk for complications

What are the Common Causes and Risk Factors of Obesity?

An imbalance between calorie intake and energy expenditure causes obesity. Certain health conditions, medications, and genetic predispositions can also contribute to the risk. Understanding the causes and risk factors can guide prevention and management efforts.

Causes

Overeating
Sedentary lifestyle
Genetic predisposition
Pregnancy weight retention
Sleep deprivation
Hormonal disorders (e.g., PCOS, Cushing's, hypothyroidism)

Risk Factors

Family history of obesity
Age-related metabolism slowdown
Poor sleep habits
Use of certain medications
Mental health issues like depression
Unhealthy eating environments

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How is Obesity Diagnosed?

Diagnosing obesity involves assessing weight, height, and body composition. At Medicover, we utilize clinical tools and advanced tests to assess the severity of obesity and associated risks.

Diagnostic Tools

Body Mass Index (BMI)
Waist-to-hip ratio
Skinfold thickness test
Imaging tests: Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI
Blood tests: Glucose, cholesterol, liver function
Thyroid and hormonal tests
ECG for heart assessment

BMI Formula

BMI = weight (kg) / [height (m)]Â²

BMI Categories

Underweight: <18.5
Normal: 18.5â€“24.9
Overweight: 25â€“29.9
Obese: 30â€“39.9
Morbidly Obese: >40

What are the Treatment Options for Obesity?

Treating obesity requires a complete and sustained approach. Medicover offers prepared treatment plans combining medical care, behavioral therapy, and support systems for effective weight management.

Treatment Methods

Dietary Changes: Nutrient-rich, low-calorie meals
Physical Activity: 30+ minutes of exercise daily
Behavioral Therapy: Managing Emotional Eating
Medication: Appetite suppressants, fat absorption blockers
Bariatric Surgery: For severe cases (gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy)
Supplements: As prescribed by a physician
Support Programs: Group therapy and wellness plans

When Should You See a Doctor for Obesity?

Early medical intervention can help prevent complications associated with obesity. A doctor's evaluation is necessary if obesity interferes with daily life or leads to related illnesses. Medicover offers specialized care for obesity and individual treatment.

Consult a doctor if you

Experience persistent weight gain
Have obesity-related conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypertension)
If you are unable to lose weight despite efforts
Have a family history of metabolic conditions.

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What is the Recovery Process After Obesity Treatment?

Recovery involves adapting to new lifestyle habits and monitoring progress. At Medicover, we provide patients with ongoing medical supervision and supportive care following treatment.

Post-Treatment Recommendations

Follow-up visits with specialists
Diet and exercise adherence
Monitor weight and health metrics.
Mental health and behavior support
Reassessment of medications and health status

Medicover supports recovery with the guidance of nutritionists, therapists, and fitness experts for lasting results.

What Precautions Can Help Prevent Obesity?

Preventing obesity involves adopting a healthy lifestyle. Consistent habits, such as regular physical activity, nutritious food choices, and self-monitoring, play key roles. Early education and supportive environments are crucial for children's development.

Prevention

Daily exercise (150â€“300 mins/week)
Balanced meals with fruits, veggies, and whole grains
Portion control and mindful eating
Routine health checkups
Adequate sleep
Stress management

Complications if Untreated

Type 2 diabetes
Heart disease
Joint disorders
Fatty liver disease
Sleep apnea
Reproductive and mental health issues

Our Experience Treating Obesity

At Medicover Hospitals, we treat obesity with the latest tests, expert advice, and care plans made just for you. Our team includes dietitians, bariatric surgeons, endocrinologists, and counselors who work together to help you live a healthier life. We're here to support your journey to safe and lasting weight loss.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, many people can reverse obesity with healthy lifestyle changes like a balanced diet and regular exercise. Medical guidance improves results. Consistency, support, and early action are key to long-term success without surgery or medication.

Yes, poor sleep disrupts hunger-related hormones, increasing cravings and appetite. It also lowers energy levels, making physical activity harder. Getting 7-8 hours of quality sleep daily helps manage weight and supports overall health.

Genetics can increase obesity risk, but lifestyle choices play a major role. Healthy eating, exercise, and good habits can help manage weight, even with a genetic predisposition. Family support and medical advice can make a big difference.

Some children may outgrow obesity with healthy eating and regular physical activity. However, early lifestyle changes are crucial to avoid long-term health issues. Parental support and early medical guidance help children build lifelong healthy habits.

Weight-loss supplements should only be taken under a doctor's supervision. Some can cause harmful side effects or interact with medicines. A healthy diet, exercise, and expert advice are safer and more effective for managing obesity.

Signs include eating when bored, sad, or stressed, craving comfort foods, and feeling guilty afterward. Emotional eating can lead to weight gain. Managing stress through healthy outlets and seeking support helps control emotional eating habits.

Obesity can lead to low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety due to social stigma or body image issues. Emotional struggles may worsen weight problems. Support from healthcare professionals and loved ones is important for mental and physical well-being.