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3.5 Minute

07-08-2024 Team Medicover General Medicine

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr M Naga Suresh

Understanding the Effects of Citalopram

Citalopram, commonly known by its brand name Celexa, is a widely prescribed medication used to treat depression and other mental health conditions. In this article, we will explore what citalopram is, how it works, its uses, dosages, and potential side effects. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of citalopram to help you make informed decisions about your health.

What Is Citalopram?

Citalopram belongs to a class of medications known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, a neurotransmitter that plays a critical role in mood regulation. By boosting serotonin levels, citalopram helps alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety.

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What are the Uses of Citalopram

Treating Depression

The primary use of citalopram is to treat major depressive disorder (MDD). It is a powerful tool that can significantly improve mood, energy levels, and overall feelings of well-being. Citalopram's effectiveness is particularly notable for those who have not responded well to other antidepressants, offering hope for a better quality of life.

Anxiety Disorders

Citalopram is also used to treat various anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. By reducing the symptoms of anxiety, citalopram can help individuals lead more balanced and less stressful lives.

Off-Label Uses

In some cases, healthcare providers may prescribe citalopram for off-label uses such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Dosage for treatment of depression

Adult dosage (ages 18â€“60 years)

The starting dose is 20 mg, administered once daily.
Your doctor may raise the dosage. Doses should only be raised once each week.
The maximum dose is 40 mg, administered once daily. Take no more than 40 mg per day, as greater doses raise the risk of QT prolongation.

Child dosage (ages 0â€“17 years)

Citalopram's safety and efficacy in people under the age of 18 have not been verified.

Senior dosage (ages 61 years and older)

Take no more than 20 mg once each day. Older persons' kidneys may not operate as well as they once did. This may cause your body to metabolize medications more slowly. As a result, more of a medicine remains in your body for a longer period. This raises the likelihood of side effects.
Your doctor may start you on a lower dose or an alternative medication regimen. This can help keep the medication levels in your body from becoming too high.

Special considerations

Cytochrome P450 2C19 poor metabolizers: Cytochrome P450 2C19 is a protein found in our bodies that aids in the breakdown of medications such as citalopram. People with fewer or less active 2C19 proteins are referred to as "poor metabolizers." These individuals should not take more than 20 mg of citalopram once per day.
People with liver disease: Citalopram is metabolized by the liver. If you have liver problems, the amount of this medicine in your body may increase. You may experience greater side effects. People with liver illness should not take more than 20 mg of citalopram daily.

Potential Side Effects

Common Side Effects

Like all medications, citalopram can cause side effects. Common Celexa side effects include:

Nausea
Dry mouth
Fatigue
Dizziness
Sweating
Insomnia
Increased sweating

Most of these side effects are mild and tend to go away as your body adjusts to the medication. Knowing that these effects are temporary can help alleviate any anxiety you may have about starting citalopram.

Serious Side Effects

Though rare, citalopram can cause serious side effects. These may include:

Severe allergic reactions
Seizures
Abnormal bleeding
Serotonin syndrome (symptoms include agitation, hallucinations, rapid heart rate, and severe dizziness)
Low sodium levels in the blood (hyponatremia)

If you experience any of these severe side effects, seek medical attention immediately.

Celexa vs. Lexapro Side Effects

Both Celexa (citalopram) and Lexapro (escitalopram) are SSRIs used to treat depression and anxiety. While they are similar, they have some differences in their side effect profiles. Lexapro is often considered to have fewer side effects and to be more effective at lower doses, but individual responses can vary.

Precautions and Interactions

Medical History

Before starting citalopram, inform your healthcare provider about your medical history, especially if you have:

Liver or kidney disease
Heart problems
Seizure disorders
Bipolar disorder
A history of drug abuse or suicidal thoughts

Drug Interactions

Citalopram can interact with other medications, which may affect its efficacy or increase the risk of side effects. Some drugs that can interact with citalopram include:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Anticoagulants
Other SSRIs or antidepressants
St. John's Wort
Triptans (used to treat migraines)

Always inform your healthcare provider about all the medications and supplements you are taking.

Citalopram Brand Names and Availability

Citalopram is available under several brand names, with the Celexa tablet being the most well-known. It is also available in generic forms, which are typically more affordable but equally effective.

Citalopram and Pregnancy

The use of citalopram during pregnancy should be carefully considered. While untreated depression can pose risks to both the mother and the baby, citalopram may also have potential risks. Pregnant women should discuss the benefits and risks with their healthcare provider to make an informed decision.

How to Discontinue Citalopram?

Gradual Tapering

Discontinuing citalopram should be done gradually under the supervision of a healthcare provider. Abruptly stopping the medication can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as:

Dizziness
Irritability
Nausea
Sensory disturbances (e.g., tingling sensations)

Monitoring

Your healthcare provider will create a tapering schedule to reduce your dosage slowly, monitoring for any withdrawal symptoms or the return of depression or anxiety symptoms.

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Conclusion

Citalopram is a valuable medication for treating depression and anxiety disorders. Understanding its uses, dosages, potential side effects, and precautions is crucial. However, it's equally important to remember that you're not alone in this journey. Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication to ensure it is the right choice for your individual needs. Their guidance and support are invaluable in your treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

Most people begin to notice improvements within 2 to 4 weeks, but full benefits may take up to 6 to 8 weeks. Always take it consistently and follow your doctor's guidance.

Some people report changes in appetite or weight while taking Citalopram. Lifestyle and diet play a role, so monitoring your habits can help manage changes.

Share this with your doctor. While it may be safe for some women, the dangers and benefits should be carefully considered during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Some users feel drowsy, while others may have trouble sleeping. If it affects your sleep, consider adjusting the time you take it and speak to your doctor.

Yes, but only under close medical supervision. Itâ€™s sometimes prescribed for teens with depression or anxiety, but requires regular monitoring for mood changes.