Know About the Basics of Male Fertility

For a couple to conceive, the reproductive systems of both partners must be healthy and functioning properly. In other words, it takes two to tango. It’s often thought that fertility problems reside primarily with the female partner, but men can experience fertility issues as well.

According to a study conducted by researchers in the US, “infertility affects an estimated 15% of couples globally… Males are found to be solely responsible for 20 – 30% of infertility cases and contribute to 50% of cases overall.

A man’s fertility generally relies on the quantity and quality of his sperm. If the number of sperm a man ejaculates is low or if the sperm are of poor quality, it will be difficult, and sometimes impossible, for him to cause a pregnancy.

Researchers Identify the Requirements for Male Fertility:

The sperm must be healthy. At least one of the testicles must be functioning correctly, and the body must produce testosterone and other hormones to trigger and maintain sperm production.
Sperm has to be carried into the semen. Tubes must transport the sperm from the testicles, where it’s produced, to be mixed with the semen and ejaculated.
There needs to be enough sperm in the semen. If the sperm count is low, the odds of the egg being fertilised will also be low. A low sperm count is fewer than 15 million sperm per milliliter of semen.
Sperm must be functional and able to move. The sperm must be able to reach and penetrate the egg in order to fertilise it. If the function or movement (referred to as motility) of the sperm is abnormal, the sperm may not be able to do this.

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How to Increase Sperm Count (Male fertility)?

Male fertility can be enhanced through various lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and medical interventions. Here are some effective strategies to boost male fertility:

Maintain a Healthy Weight: Obesity can negatively affect sperm quality. Aim for a balanced diet and daily exercise to maintain a healthy weight.
Eat a Nutritious Diet: Include foods rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals like fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains. Foods high in zinc, selenium, and folate are particularly beneficial for sperm health.
Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to maintain overall health and improve sperm quality.
Avoid Tobacco and Alcohol: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can reduce sperm count and motility. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol intake can significantly improve fertility.
Reduce Stress: Chronic stress can affect hormone levels and sperm production. Practice stress-reducing techniques such as yoga, meditation, and regular physical activity.
Exercise Regularly: Moderate exercise can boost testosterone levels and improve overall reproductive health. However, avoid excessive exercise, which can have the opposite effect.
Avoid Heat Exposure: Excessive heat can impair sperm production. Avoid hot tubs, saunas, and tight underwear that can increase scrotal temperature.
Limit Exposure to Toxins: Avoid exposure to environmental toxins and chemicals, such as pesticides, heavy metals, and industrial chemicals, which can negatively impact sperm quality.
Take Supplements: Consider taking supplements like vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, and CoQ10, which have been shown to improve Male fertility(sperm health).

Best Foods to Increase Fertility in Males

A healthy, nutrient-rich diet plays a key role in increasing sperm count, motility, and overall male fertility.

Walnuts: Rich in omega-3 fatty acids to improve sperm shape and motility.
Pumpkin Seeds: High in zinc, which helps testosterone levels and sperm production.
Spinach: Loaded with folate, important for healthy sperm development
Eggs: Packed with protein and vitamin E, supports sperm health.
Bananas: Contains bromelain and vitamins A, B1, and C to boost male libido and sperm quality.
Dark Chocolate: Contains L-arginine, which may improve sperm count and volume.
Berries (Blueberries, Strawberries): High in antioxidants to protect sperm from damage.
Garlic: Boosts blood flow and contains selenium, which supports sperm motility.
Oysters: One of the best sources of zinc for sperm health.
Whole Grains: Provide essential B-vitamins and energy for reproductive function.

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How Is Male Fertility Tested?

If you are concerned about your fertility, it is important to get tested. Here are some steps on how to check male fertility:

Visit a Doctor: Consult a healthcare professional who can guide you through the process of fertility testing and discuss factors such as male fertility age and overall health.
Semen Analysis: This is the most common test for male fertility, measuring sperm count, motility, and morphology to assess the quality of your sperm.
Hormone Testing: Blood tests can measure levels of testosterone and other hormones that regulate sperm production and overall reproductive health.
Genetic Testing: In some cases, genetic tests may be recommended to identify any underlying genetic conditions affecting fertility.
Ultrasound: A scrotal ultrasound can check for issues such as varicoceles or other abnormalities in the testicles and supporting structures that might impact fertility.

Frequently Asked Questions

Male fertility generally remains viable until advanced ages, but fertility declines gradually after the age of 40.

Men start to experience a decline in fertility around the age of 40, with a more noticeable decrease in sperm quality and quantity as they age.

Men are typically most fertile in their late teens through their 30s, with peak fertility occurring in their mid-20s.

Age, lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, exercise), environmental factors (exposure to toxins), medical conditions (such as diabetes or infections), and genetic factors.

Yes, conditions like diabetes, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), hormonal imbalances, genetic disorders (such as Klinefelter syndrome), and anatomical issues can impact fertility.

Yes, surgeries involving the reproductive organs, such as hernia repairs or vasectomies, can sometimes lead to complications affecting fertility. Certain medical treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy can also impact sperm production.