Levofloxacin Tablet: Benefits, Side Effects and Precautions

Levofloxacin, commonly sold under the brand name Levaquin, is a potent antibiotic. It's used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections including acute sinusitis, pneumonia, H. Pylori, urinary tract infections, chronic prostatitis, and certain forms of gastroenteritis.

Levofloxacin Tablets Uses

Levofloxacin belongs to a class of antibiotics known as quinolones. It is effective against various bacterial infections but not against viral infections like the common cold or flu. Misuse or unnecessary use of antibiotics can reduce their effectiveness.

Common Uses of Levofloxacin

• Treating endocarditis (heart lining infection)
• Sexually transmitted infections
• Salmonella and Shigella infections (causing severe diarrhea)
• Anthrax and tuberculosis
• Preventing and treating traveler's diarrhea

Conditions Levofloxacin Used to Treat

• Community-acquired pneumonia
• Acute bacterial sinusitis
• Acute/chronic bronchitis exacerbations
• Complicated/uncomplicated UTIs
• Prostatitis
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Plague (Yersinia pestis) - in rare cases

Secondary Uses of Levofloxacin

• Traveler's diarrhea (in specific cases)
• Certain STIs (off-label, if resistant strains are present)

Always consult your doctor about the use and potential complications of this drug.

How to Use Levofloxacin

Read the Drug Guide provided by your pharmacist before starting levofloxacin and each time you get a refill. Take this medication orally, usually once a day with or without food. Drink plenty of water unless your doctor advises otherwise.

Dosage Tips:

• Take it at least 2 hours before or after other medications that may reduce its effectiveness.
• Maintain a consistent dosing schedule for the best effect.
• Complete the full prescribed course even if symptoms disappear early.

How Does Levofloxacin Work?

Levofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial enzymes (DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV) that are essential for DNA replication and repair. This action kills the bacteria and prevents them from multiplying.

In simple terms: Levofloxacin stops bacteria from reproducing, helping the body clear the infection.

Dosage of Levofloxacin

Typical Dosage Instructions

• Adults: 250 mg to 750 mg once daily, depending on infection type and severity
• Treatment duration: Typically 5 to 14 days
• Dose may need adjustment for kidney impairment

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it's close to the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Overdose

Symptoms of overdose:

• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Confusion
• Seizures (rare)

Seek emergency medical help immediately if an overdose is suspected

Levofloxacin Side Effects

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and trouble sleeping. Serious side effects are rare but can include:

• Irregular bruising or bleeding
• Kidney or liver problems
• Severe intestinal condition (Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea)
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)

Serious but Rare Side Effects

• Tendon rupture or inflammation (Achilles tendon especially)
• QT prolongation (heart rhythm disturbance)
• Peripheral neuropathy (numbness, tingling)
• CNS effects: hallucinations, seizures
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, breathing problems)

Seek medical attention immediately for severe side effects.

Precautions and Warnings

Before using levofloxacin, inform your doctor if you have allergies to quinolone antibiotics or any other allergies. Provide your medical history, especially if you have diabetes, joint/tendon problems, kidney issues, mental/mood disorders, muscle conditions, nerve problems, or seizure disorders.

Levofloxacin and QT Prolongation:

Levofloxacin can cause QT prolongation, a condition affecting heart rhythm. Risk factors include certain medications, low blood potassium or magnesium levels, and preexisting heart conditions. Discuss these risks with your doctor.

Conditions Where Caution Is Needed

• Kidney disease
• Heart rhythm problems
• Tendon disorders

Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

• Not recommended during pregnancy or while breastfeeding unless necessary

Are There Any Age Restrictions for Using Levofloxacin?

• Not typically recommended for patients under 18 years unless no alternatives exist
• Safer for adults and elderly with proper monitoring

Alcohol or Food Interactions

Alcohol:

• No direct interaction, but may worsen dizziness or side effects

Food:

• Can be taken with or without food
• Avoid taking with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone, as they can reduce absorption

Possible Interactions with Other Medications

Drug interactions can alter how your medications work or increase the risk of serious side effects. Inform your doctor about all the products you use, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, and herbal products. Avoid using ofloxacin-containing products while taking levofloxacin.

May Interact With:

• Antacids (aluminum/magnesium) - reduce absorption
• Iron supplements - reduce effectiveness
• Warfarin - increased bleeding risk
• Drugs that prolong QT interval (e.g., amiodarone, sotalol)

Supplements and Herbal Products

• Separate levofloxacin and mineral/vitamin supplements by at least 2 hours

Important Information

• Regular medical and laboratory appointments are crucial to monitor your body's response to levofloxacin.
• Do not share this medication with others.
• Store levofloxacin in an airtight container, away from sunlight and heat.

Levofloxacin vs Azithromycin

For more detailed information or to book a consultation, contact Medicover at 040-68334455.

References