Lamotrigine Tablet: Benefits, Side Effects and Precautions

Lamotrigine is a prescription medicine available in various forms, including immediate-release, extended-release, chewable, and orally disintegrating tablets. Brand names for lamotrigine include Lamictal, Lamictal XR, Lamictal CD, and Lamictal ODT, with generic versions also available.

Lamotrigine Tablet Uses

• Lamotrigine is used to prevent and manage seizures, either alone or in conjunction with other drugs.
• It helps manage severe mood swings in adults with bipolar disorder.
• Functions as an anticonvulsant and antiepileptic by rebalancing brain chemicals.
• Not recommended for children under the age of two due to high risk of side effects.

What is it commonly used for?

• Epilepsy (seizures)
• Bipolar disorder, particularly for preventing depressive episodes

Quick Highlight of Its Benefits or Effectiveness

• Effective for multiple types of seizures
• Reduces mood swings in bipolar disorder
• Fewer sedative effects compared to other antiepileptics

Conditions Lamotrigine is Used to Treat

• Epileptic seizures, including:
  • Focal seizures
  • Generalized tonic-clonic seizures
  • Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
• Bipolar disorder (Type I) - especially for long-term maintenance therapy to prevent depression

How Does Lamotrigine Work?

Lamotrigine works by blocking voltage-sensitive sodium channels in the brain. This action:

• Reduces the release of glutamate (an excitatory neurotransmitter)
• Stabilizes nerve cell activity
• Prevents the excessive firing of neurons that cause seizures or mood shifts

How to Use Lamotrigine?

• Read the Prescription Guide and Patient Information Leaflet.
• Take orally with or without food, swallow whole to avoid bitter taste.
• Dosage varies based on medical condition and reaction.
• Follow the doctor's dosing instructions carefully, dosage may need gradual increase.
• Take daily at the same time to maximize benefits.
• Do not stop taking abruptly; consult your doctor for gradual reduction if needed.

Dosage of Lamotrigine

Typical Dosage Instructions (As Per Doctor's Advice)

• Epilepsy: Initial dose often starts at 25 mg once daily, gradually increased
• Bipolar disorder: Starts at 25 mg/day, increased slowly to maintenance dose (100-200 mg/day)
• Dosage depends on other medications taken (especially valproate or enzyme inducers)

Slow titration is essential to reduce the risk of serious skin reactions.

What Should I Do If I Miss a Dose?

• Take it as soon as remembered
• Skip if it's almost time for the next dose
• Do not double the dose

If you miss more than a few days, consult your doctor before restarting-dose adjustment may be needed

What Happens If an Overdose?

Symptoms of overdose:

• Drowsiness
• Agitation
• Blurred vision
• Seizures
• Loss of coordination

Seek emergency medical attention immediately

What Are the Side Effects of Lamotrigine?

Common Side Effects

• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Blurred vision or double vision
• Sleepiness or fatigue

Serious but Rare Side Effects

• Severe skin rashes including Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
• Suicidal thoughts or behavior
• Aseptic meningitis
• Blood disorders

Note: Stop use immediately and contact a doctor if rash, fever, or swollen glands occur

Precautions and Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have allergies, kidney disease, liver disease, or heart conditions.
• Older adults may experience more severe side effects.
• Discuss risks and benefits with your doctor if pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Birth control efficacy may be reduced; consult about alternatives.

Conditions Where Caution Is Needed

• History of depression or suicidal thoughts
• Taking medications that interact with lamotrigine (like valproate or carbamazepine)

Are There Any Age Restrictions for Using Lamotrigine?

• Approved for children as young as 2 years old (for seizures)
• Bipolar disorder treatment usually reserved for adults and teens 16+

Alcohol or Food Interactions

Alcohol:

• Increases sedation and dizziness
• Best to limit or avoid alcohol while on lamotrigine

Food:

• Can be taken with or without food

Possible Interactions with Other Medications

• Be aware of potential interactions with hormonal birth control, estrogens, certain HIV drugs, rifampin, supplements, and herbs.
• Ensure your doctor monitors all medications, vitamins, and herbs you are taking.

Supplements and Herbal Products:

• St. John's Wort may decrease effectiveness
• Always check with a doctor before combining with herbal treatments

How Should Lamotrigine Be Stored?

Recommended Storage Temperature

• Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F)
• Keep in a dry place, away from moisture and heat

What Happens If Lamotrigine Is Not Stored Properly?

• May lose effectiveness or degrade
• Exposure to moisture may damage tablets

Lamotrigine vs Lithium

References