Phantosmia: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Prerit Rao , ENT

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Phantosmia is a condition where a person smells something that isn't actually there. These "phantom smells" can be pleasant, strange, or often unpleasant, like smoke, chemicals, or rotting food. This condition affects the nose and the brain and may happen occasionally or persist over time. Getting the right diagnosis and treatment early can help improve quality of life.

What are the Phantosmia Symptoms and Warning Signs?

Phantosmia symptoms can vary from person to person. Some experience mild smells, while others may find the odors intense and disturbing.

Common Symptoms

• Smelling odors that don't exist
• Phantom smells that are sweet, burnt, chemical-like, or foul
• Smells that come and go or last for hours
• The sensation may affect one or both nostrils

Severe Symptoms

• Constant, strong unpleasant smells (like smoke or sewage)
• Phantom smells that affect sleep or eating habits
• Feelings of stress, anxiety, or depression due to ongoing symptoms

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What Are the Common Causes and Risk Factors of Phantosmia?

Phantosmia can be caused by problems in the nose, brain, or nervous system. It may also result from certain health conditions or environmental factors.

Causes

• Infections in the nose or sinuses
• Neurological conditions (like Parkinson's, epilepsy, or migraines)
• Head injuries or brain trauma
• Exposure to chemicals or strong pollutants

Risk Factors

• Smoking
• Older age
• Anxiety or depression
• Use of certain medications
• Previous surgeries involving the nose or brain

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How Phantosmia is Diagnosed?

To diagnose phantosmia, a doctor will evaluate your medical history and perform a physical exam. Further testing may be needed to rule out underlying conditions.

Common Diagnostic Tests:

• ENT Examination: To check for sinus or nasal problems
• Smell Test: To measure your sense of smell
• MRI or CT Scan: To look for issues in the brain
• Neurological Check: To rule out nerve or brain-related causes

At Medicover, our ENT and Neurology departments work together using advanced tools to accurately diagnose the cause of phantosmia. We provide expert care and a patient-first approach.

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What Are the Treatment Options for Phantosmia?

Treatment depends on the cause of your symptoms. Some people recover on their own, while others may need medication or therapy.

Treatment Options:

• Medications: Such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, or migraine medications
• Treating the Cause: Like sinus infections or neurological issues
• Surgical options: In rare cases, surgery may be needed for nasal blockages
• Therapies: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety and stress management

At Medicover, we offer a multidisciplinary approach combining ENT care, neurology, and psychological support to manage phantosmia completely.

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When to See a Doctor?

Consult a doctor if:

• You smell things that aren't there for more than a few days
• The smells interfere with eating, sleeping, or concentration
• You feel anxious, depressed, or scared about the symptoms
• You have a history of sinus, brain, or neurological issues

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What Is the Recovery Process After Phantosmia Treatment?

Phantosmia recovery depends on the underlying cause and treatment. Some people recover quickly, while others may need long-term care.

Post-Treatment Expectations:

• Regular check-ups: To monitor your progress
• Lifestyle tips: Avoid smoking, chemical exposure, and triggers
• Healthy habits: Stay hydrated, eat well, and manage stress
• Mental health support: Therapy or relaxation techniques can help

At Medicover, we support you every step of the way with follow-up care, mental health services, and individual recovery plans.

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What Precautions Can Help Prevent Phantosmia?

While not all cases can be prevented, healthy habits and early care can lower risk.

Prevention

• Avoid smoking or secondhand smoke
• Protect yourself from strong chemicals or pollutants
• Treat sinus infections and migraines early
• Manage stress and mental health conditions
• Get regular health check-ups

Potential Complications

• Chronic distress from unpleasant smells
• Anxiety, depression, or sleep issues
• Masking of real warning smells like smoke or gas leaks

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Our Experience Treating Phantosmia

At Medicover Hospital, we know how upsetting it can be to smell things that aren't really there, a condition known as phantosmia. Our caring team of ENT specialists and neurologists works closely with each patient to find the cause and provide the right treatment. Using advanced tools and a personal approach, we've helped many people feel better and get back to normal life. You can trust us to support you every step of the way.

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