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What is Nasal Septal Perforation? Whistling Nose & How to Fix It
Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Neha B L , ENT
Nasal septal perforation, also known as a hole in the nasal septum, is a condition where the thin wall dividing the nostrils develops an opening.
This affects the normal airflow and function of the nasal passages. If left untreated, it can cause discomfort, infections, and affect breathing quality. Early diagnosis helps prevent complications and ensures effective treatment.
What are the Nasal Septal Perforation Symptoms and Warning Signs?
The symptoms can range from mild to severe. Knowing them early can help you get the right treatment.
Common Symptoms of Nasal Septal Perforation
- Crusting inside the nose
- Stuffy nose or blocked feeling
- Whistling sound when you breathe through the nose
Severe Symptoms of Nasal Septal Perforation
- Frequent nosebleeds
- Difficulty breathing through the nose
- Pain or irritation in the nose
If you experience these symptoms, consult an ENT specialist as soon as possible.
What are the Different Types of Nasal Septal Perforation?
The type of perforation depends on the cause. Here are the most common types:
- Traumatic: Caused by injury or nose trauma
- Iatrogenic: Due to surgery or nasal procedures
- Drug-induced: Caused by drug use (like cocaine)
- Inflammatory: Linked to diseases like Wegener's granulomatosis
- Idiopathic: Happens with no clear cause
Each type needs different treatment, so proper diagnosis is essential.
What are the Common Causes and Risk Factors of Nasal Septal Perforation?
There are several reasons why this condition can occur. Common causes include:
Nasal Septal Perforation Causes
- Nose injury or trauma
- Past nasal surgery
- Overuse of nasal sprays
- Drug use, especially cocaine
- Long-term nasal infections
- Radiation to the nasal area
- Autoimmune conditions
- Growths or tumors inside the nose
Nasal Septal Perforation Risk Factors
Some individuals have a higher risk of developing a nasal septal perforation. Risk factors include:
- Frequent nasal infections or inflammation
- A history of nose surgeries
- Long-term use of decongestant sprays
- Jobs with exposure to dust or chemicals
- Using recreational drugs
Tip: If you have any of these risk factors, get regular nasal checkups.
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Get Second OpinionHow Nasal Septal Perforation is Diagnosed?
An ENT doctor can diagnose the condition through simple tests.
Common Diagnostic Procedures
- Nasal Endoscopy: A thin tube with a camera provides a clear view of the nasal septum.
- Imaging Tests (CT/MRI): Help assess the extent and size of the perforation.
- Septal Perforation Test: To evaluate airflow disturbance.
- Biopsy: If the cause is unclear or a tumor is suspected.
- Culture Test: Identifies infection-causing organisms.
What are the Treatment Options for Nasal Septal Perforation?
Treatment depends on the size, location, cause, and severity of symptoms. At Medicover, we offer both conservative and surgical solutions.
Non-surgical Treatments
These are helpful for small perforations or mild symptoms:
- Nasal Saline Rinse: Keeps the inside of the nose moist and helps reduce crusting.
- Topical Steroid Sprays: Reduce swelling and support healing.
- Avoiding Irritants: Stay away from smoke, dust, and strong chemicals.
- Nasal Septal Button: A soft silicone plug that covers the hole. It helps improve airflow and reduce discomfort.
Surgical Options
For larger holes or severe symptoms, surgery may be needed:
- Surgical Repair: The hole is stitched closed. This is done under local or general anesthesia.
- Tissue Grafting: If needed, tissue from another part of the body is used to cover the perforation.
When to See a Doctor?
You should consult a doctor if you experience:
- Frequent nosebleeds
- Trouble breathing through your nose
- Whistling or strange sounds when breathing
- Ongoing discomfort after nasal surgery
People with a history of nasal surgeries or long-term drug use should watch for early signs and seek help promptly.
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What is the Recovery Process After Nasal Septal Perforation Treatment?
Recovery depends on the treatment method and your overall health.
- Follow-ups: Regular visits to your ENT doctor are important.
- Healing Time: Non-surgical options bring gradual relief. Surgical recovery usually takes 2 to 4 weeks.
- Home Care Tips: Use nasal saline sprays, avoid touching or picking your nose, and stay in a humid environment.
- Long-Term Outlook: With proper care, most people return to normal breathing and comfort.
What Precautions Can Help Prevent Nasal Septal Perforation?
Nasal Septal Perforation Prevention Tips
- Limit the use of nasal sprays or decongestants
- Treat nasal infections early
- Avoid injuries to the nose
- Wear protective masks in dusty or chemical-heavy workplaces
- Avoid recreational drug use
Complications if untreated
- Frequent nosebleeds and crusting
- Breathing problems
- Repeat nasal infections
- Changes in the shape of the nose
Our Experience Treating Nasal Septal Perforation
At Medicover Hospitals, our ENT specialists are highly experienced in diagnosing and managing nasal septal perforations with compassion and care.
Whether it's a minor perforation or a complex case requiring surgery, we prioritise your comfort, recovery, and long-term nasal health.
Our holistic approach ensures you receive expert care at every stage.
