What is Becker's Muscular Dystrophy?

Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr K Suresh , Neurologist

Becker's Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) is a rare genetic condition that causes muscles to slowly weaken over time. It mostly affects boys and young men, often starting in the teenage years. The condition makes it harder for muscles to repair themselves after regular use.

Unlike Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which is more severe and starts earlier, BMD has a slower progression. Many people with BMD stay active into adulthood and may not need a wheelchair until later in life. Early diagnosis and proper care can help manage symptoms and maintain mobility longer.

What Are the Symptoms of Becker's Muscular Dystrophy?

The symptoms of BMD usually appear between the ages of 5 and 15 but may show up later. The muscles in the hips, thighs, and shoulders are usually affected first. Over time, the heart and breathing muscles may also weaken.

Common symptoms include

Difficulty climbing stairs or getting up from the floor
Frequent falls or trouble running
Enlarged calf muscles (muscle tissue is replaced with fat)
Fatigue after mild exercise
Walking on toes or with a waddling gait
Muscle cramps or stiffness
Weakness in the arms and legs that gets worse with time

Some people also develop learning problems or mild heart issues.

What Causes Becker's Muscular Dystrophy?

Becker's Muscular Dystrophy is caused by a change (mutation) in the dystrophin gene. This gene helps make a protein called dystrophin, which is needed for muscle strength and repair. In BMD, the body makes some dystrophin, but it is either not enough or not working properly.

Key facts about the cause

Passed from mother to son (X-linked recessive inheritance)
Only males usually show symptoms
Females can be carriers and may have mild muscle weakness or heart issues

Genetic testing can confirm the presence of the gene mutation.

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How Is Becker's Muscular Dystrophy Diagnosed?

Diagnosing BMD involves a mix of physical exams, blood tests, and muscle studies. Since early symptoms can look like other muscle problems, testing is important to make a clear diagnosis.

Diagnosis may include

Blood tests: Check for high levels of creatine kinase (CK), a sign of muscle damage
Genetic testing: Looks for changes in the dystrophin gene
Electromyography (EMG): Measures muscle activity
Muscle biopsy: Checks for dystrophin in the tissue
Heart tests: ECG or echocardiogram to monitor heart function

Early diagnosis helps with planning care and managing symptoms.

What Are the Treatment Options for Becker's Muscular Dystrophy?

There is no cure for BMD, but treatments can help slow the symptoms and improve daily life. A combination of therapies often works best.

Common treatment approaches

Physical therapy: Keeps muscles strong and flexible
Occupational therapy: Helps with everyday tasks and independence
Medications: Steroids may help slow muscle loss
Heart medications: Used if the heart is affected
Breathing support: Non-invasive machines if lung function weakens
Mobility aids: Braces, walkers, or wheelchairs if needed

Regular checkups with specialists help manage the condition as it changes.

Can Becker's Muscular Dystrophy Be Prevented?

BMD is a genetic condition, so it cannot be prevented. However, early testing in families with a history of muscular dystrophy can help detect the condition before symptoms appear.

Helpful prevention tips

Genetic counseling for families with known cases
Carrier testing for mothers and female relatives
Prenatal testing if desired during pregnancy

Managing symptoms early can help slow progression and improve quality of life.

When Should You See a Doctor?

If your child shows signs of muscle weakness or delays in walking, it's best to talk to a doctor. Early symptoms of BMD may look like other conditions, but should not be ignored.

Talk to a doctor if you notice

Trouble walking, running, or climbing stairs
Large calf muscles that feel firm
Walking on toes or muscle stiffness
A family history of muscular dystrophy

Early care can make a big difference in long-term health.

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What Is the Outlook for Becker's Muscular Dystrophy?

The outlook for BMD is better than for other types of muscular dystrophy. Most people can walk into their 30s or 40s. With good care, some stay mobile even longer. However, over time, muscle weakness and heart problems can affect daily life.

A strong care plan, regular monitoring, and emotional support can help individuals live full and active lives for many years.

Our Experience Treating Becker's Muscular Dystrophy at Medicover

At Medicover, we offer expert care for children and adults with Becker's Muscular Dystrophy. Our neurology team works with heart, lung, and rehab specialists to create a complete care plan for every stage of the condition.