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The prolactin test measures the level of prolactin, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland. This test is essential for diagnosing conditions related to reproductive health, such as infertility, menstrual irregularities, and unexplained breast discharge.
It involves a simple blood draw, is generally safe, and carries minimal risks. Test costs vary by location and laboratory.
What is a Prolactin Test?
The prolactin test is utilized to measure the levels of prolactin present in the bloodstream. Prolactin is produced by the pituitary gland, a small gland located near the brain.
Prolactin plays a crucial role in the growth of women's breasts and the production of milk, particularly during pregnancy or postpartum.
Why is the Prolactin Test Done?
- During pregnancy or postpartum, women typically have higher levels of prolactin in their bodies.
- Women who are not pregnant and men generally have lower levels of prolactin.
- Elevated levels of prolactin may indicate the presence of a pituitary gland tumour known as a prolactinoma.
- Prolactinomas can cause excessive release of prolactin by the gland, leading to issues such as lactation when not pregnant.
- In women, excessive prolactin can also result in menstrual irregularities and difficulties in conceiving.
- In men, it can lead to problems such as erectile dysfunction.
- Prolactinomas are typically noncancerous, but if left untreated, they can cause damage to surrounding tissues.
What is the use of the Prolactin Test?
Prolactin tests are most commonly used for:
- Prolactinoma detection (a type of tumour of the pituitary gland)
- Assist in determining the reason for a woman's menstrual irregularity and infertility.
- Assist in determining the reason for a man's low-sex desire and erectile dysfunction.
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Get Second OpinionHow is the Prolactin Test Performed?
The prolactin test is a simple blood test. your arm using a needle. The process is quick, usually lasting just a few minutes and there's very little discomfort involved.
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When is the Prolactin Test Needed?
If you experience signs of prolactinoma, you may require this test. Symptoms could include:
- Production of breast milk even when you are not pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Nipple discharge
- Headaches
- Changes in vision
Symptoms of High Prolactin
Other symptoms vary depending on whether you're a male or a female. If you are a woman, your symptoms will also be affected by whether or not you have gone through menopause. Menopause normally begins around the age of 50 for a woman.
Excess prolactin symptoms in women who have not gone through menopause are:
- Irregular periods
- Infertility
- Stopped periods before the age of 40, also known as premature menopause
- Breast tenderness
Women who have had menopause may not have symptoms until the problem progresses. Excess prolactin after menopause frequently results in hypothyroidism. The body does not produce enough thyroid hormone in this situation.
Symptoms of excess prolactin in men include:
- Nipple discharge
- Low sex drive
- Erectile dysfunction
- Decrease in body hair
What Happens During a Prolactin Level Test?
- You might feel a slight sting or brief discomfort when the needle is inserted, but it should only last for a few seconds.
- After the prolactin blood test is drawn, you might feel a tiny pinch when the needle is removed, but there's no major pain involved.
- The process is fast and generally not difficult. Most people feel just a mild discomfort during the test, and there are no major risks. You can return to your normal activities right after the test.
How Should I Prepare for the Prolactin Test?
This test should be taken three to four hours after waking up. Prolactin levels fluctuate throughout the day but are typically highest in the early morning.
Make sure your doctor is aware of any medications you are taking. Certain medications can cause an increase in prolactin levels. Birth control drugs, blood pressure medication, and antidepressants are examples.
Are There Any Risks or Side Effects of the Prolactin Test?
No, there is no such major risk or danger associated with the test. You may experience discomfort or bruising where the needle was inserted, it will go soon.
- Discomfort at the injection site
- Bruising
- Dizziness
- Infection
How Do I Understand My Prolactin Test Results?
If your prolactin levels are greater than usual, you may have one of the following conditions:
- Prolactinoma
- Hypothyroidism
- A condition affecting the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a brain region that regulates the pituitary gland and other bodily processes.
- The illness of the liver
If your prolactin levels are high, your doctor may conduct an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) examination to examine your pituitary gland in more detail. Prolactin levels that are too high can be addressed with medication or surgery. If you have any concerns about your results, speak with your doctor.
Who Should Take the Prolactin Test?
Individuals who may need the prolactin test include:
- Women experiencing menstrual irregularities or infertility.
- Individuals with unexplained breast milk production.
- Patients with suspected pituitary gland disorders.
- People undergoing treatment for conditions affecting the pituitary or thyroid glands.
What Type of Sample is Collected for the Prolactin Test and How?
The prolactin test requires a blood sample:
- A healthcare professional will clean the skin over a vein, usually in your arm.
- A needle is inserted to collect a blood sample into a vial.
- The procedure typically takes less than 10 minutes.
Are There Other Ways to Collect the Sample for the Prolactin Test?
No alternative methods are commonly used for the prolactin test. A venous blood draw is the standard and most accurate method for collecting the sample.
How Long Does the Prolactin Test Take?
- Sample Collection Time: Approximately 5-10 minutes.
- Result Turnaround Time: Typically 24-48 hours, depending on the laboratory.
When Will I Get My Prolactin Test Results?
You will usually receive your prolactin test results within 12 to 24 hours, depending on the lab's processing time. Reports are sent directly to you via WhatsApp or as a printed copy.
Once you have your results, your doctor will explain them and guide you on the next steps, if needed.
What Should I Do After Getting My Prolactin Test Results?
After receiving your prolactin test results:
- Discuss the findings with your healthcare provider.
- If levels are abnormal, further testing may be required to determine the underlying cause.
- Treatment options will depend on the diagnosis and may include medication, lifestyle changes, or in some cases, surgery.
Is the Prolactin Test Painful?
The prolactin test is generally not painful. You may feel a brief sting or pinch when the needle is inserted, but this discomfort is minimal and short-lived.
After the procedure, some individuals might experience slight bruising or tenderness at the puncture site, but these symptoms typically resolve on their own within a few days.
What are the Factors Affecting Prolactin Test Cost?
Several factors can influence the cost of a prolactin test:
- Laboratory Type: Accredited and specialized laboratories may charge higher fees due to advanced equipment and quality standards.
- Location: Prices can vary between cities and regions, with metropolitan areas often having higher costs.
- Insurance Coverage: If the test is covered by health insurance, out-of-pocket expenses may be reduced.
- Promotions and Discounts: Some diagnostic centers offer seasonal discounts or package deals that can lower the test cost.
How Much Does the Prolactin Test Cost in India?
The cost of a prolactin test varies across different cities in India. Here is an approximate price range for the test in various locations:
Prolactin Test Price in Different Cities Across India
| City | Price |
| Hyderabad | Rs. 400 to Rs. 850 |
| Vizag | Rs. 350 to Rs. 800 |
| Nashik | Rs. 400 to Rs. 850 |
| Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar | Rs. 350 to Rs. 800 |
| Nellore | Rs. 350 to Rs. 800 |
| Srikakulam | Rs. 350 to Rs. 800 |
| Kurnool | Rs. 350 to Rs. 800 |
| Kakinada | Rs. 400 to Rs. 850 |
| Karimnagar | Rs. 350 to Rs. 800 |
| Nizamabad | Rs. 350 to Rs. 850 |
| Navi Mumbai | Rs. 350 to Rs. 800 |
| Vizianagaram | Rs. 350 to Rs. 800 |
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Frequently Asked Questions
A prolactin level test is used to diagnose a prolactinoma (a type of tumour in the pituitary gland) and assist in determining the reason for a woman's menstrual irregularity and infertility. Assist in determining the source of a man's low-sex desire and erectile dysfunction.
A high level of prolactin inhibits the synthesis of the hormones estrogen and testosterone. In females, too much prolactin can potentially prevent the release of an egg during the menstrual cycle (anovulation). Too much prolactin in guys can also contribute to reduced sperm production and bone deterioration (osteoporosis)
Prolactin levels can be examined at any time throughout your menstrual cycle. Prolactin levels fluctuate throughout the day, but they are highest when you are sleeping and first thing in the morning; thus the test is normally performed three hours after you get up.
Yes, one must fast for 8 to 12 hours without eating before the test, however, you can drink water before the test.
Prolactin levels above 100 ng/mL can disrupt a woman's reproductive system's normal function, resulting in menopausal symptoms and infertility.
The price of the Prolactin Test is approximately Rs. 600 however it can vary due to certain factors like place or hospital.
Yes, stress can elevate prolactin levels temporarily. It is recommended to remain calm before the test to avoid skewed results.
The Prolactin test is generally accurate. However, for more reliable results, it is advised to take the test early in the morning, as prolactin levels can vary throughout the day.
