Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr Praveen Sodavarapu, Orthopedics

Supraspinatus Tendinitis: Causes and Treatments

Supraspinatus tendinitis is a common but often misunderstood condition affecting the shoulder. It involves inflammation of the supraspinatus tendon, one of the four rotator cuff tendons. This condition can cause significant pain and restrict movement, affecting daily activities and overall quality of life. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments of supraspinatus tendinitis is essential for effective management and recovery.

What is Supraspinatus Tendinitis?

Supraspinatus tendinitis is an inflammation of the supraspinatus tendon, which is part of the rotator cuff in the shoulder. This tendon helps lift the arm away from the body and is crucial for many overhead activities. When inflamed, it can cause pain, swelling, and limited range of motion. It is often confused with supraspinatus tendonosis, a related condition involving tendon degeneration rather than acute inflammation.

Causes of Supraspinatus Tendinitis

Understanding the causes of supraspinatus tendinitis can help in its prevention and treatment. Several factors can contribute to the development of this condition:

Overuse and Repetitive Motion

One of the most common causes of supraspinatus tendon inflammation is overuse or repetitive motion. Activities that require frequent or forceful overhead movements, such as swimming, tennis, or painting, can strain the tendon over time, leading to inflammation.

Trauma or Injury

Direct trauma or injury to the shoulder, such as a fall or sudden impact, can damage the supraspinatus tendon. This can result in inflammation or, in severe cases, a supraspinatus tendon rupture.

Poor Posture

Poor posture, especially when sitting or working at a desk for long periods, can place extra strain on the shoulder tendons, including the supraspinatus, increasing the risk of inflammation and pain.

Age and Degeneration

As we age, tendons lose their elasticity and strength. This degeneration can lead to supraspinatus tendinopathy, a chronic condition involving both inflammation and tendon wear, making older individuals more susceptible.

Symptoms of Supraspinatus Tendinitis

Recognizing the symptoms of supraspinatus tendon inflammation is the first step toward proper diagnosis and treatment. Common signs include:

Diagnosis of Supraspinatus Tendinitis

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for treatment:

Physical Examination

A doctor will assess range of motion, strength, and tenderness, and inquire about activity history.

Imaging Tests

Ultrasound, X-ray, or MRI may be used to detect supraspinatus tendonitis, tendonosis, or a tendon rupture, helping to differentiate between inflammation and more severe injuries.

Treatment Options for Supraspinatus Tendinitis

The treatment depends on the severity of the condition:

Rest and Activity Modification

Avoid activities that aggravate the shoulder. Resting can prevent further irritation and allow healing.

Physical Therapy

A tailored physical therapy program can reduce inflammation and restore shoulder function. Therapists often treat supraspinatus tendinopathy with strengthening and stretching exercises.

Medications

Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can help reduce pain and inflammation. For persistent cases, corticosteroid injections may be recommended.

Supraspinatus Tendinitis Exercises

These exercises should be done under professional guidance:

Pendulum Swings

Gently swing the affected arm in small circles. This promotes mobility with minimal strain.

Wall Angels

Stand with your back against a wall and move your arms in a controlled “W” motion to activate shoulder muscles.

Internal and External Rotations

Use a resistance band for rotational exercises to strengthen the rotator cuff.

Recovery Time for Supraspinatus Tendinitis

Recovery times vary. Mild cases may heal within weeks, while severe inflammation or supraspinatus tendonosis may require several months. Adhering to treatment and avoiding re-injury is essential for complete recovery.

Preventing Supraspinatus Tendinitis

Prevention focuses on protecting the shoulder from strain:

Conclusion

Supraspinatus tendinitis is a painful but manageable condition. Whether caused by overuse, trauma, or degeneration, early diagnosis and proper treatment can lead to full recovery. Understanding related terms like supraspinatus tendinopathy, tendonosis, and supraspinatus tendon rupture helps patients better navigate treatment options. Staying proactive with posture, strength training, and activity moderation is key to long-term shoulder health.

If you experience persistent shoulder pain, consult a healthcare provider for personalized evaluation and care.

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