Understanding Cystic Acne Symptom: Types, and Treatment

Types of Cystic Acne

Cystic acne can appear in different forms:

• Nodulocystic Acne: Deep, painful lumps under the skin. These lumps may last for weeks or even months.
• Acne Conglobata: A severe form where cysts are connected under the skin, causing widespread breakouts.
• Acne Fulminans: A rare type with sudden, severe inflammation, sometimes with fever orjoint pain.
• Acne Mechanica: This type of acne happens when something keeps rubbing or pressing on your skin, like a helmet, backpack, or tight clothes.

Causes of Cystic Acne

The primary cause of acne lies in the blockage of hair follicles by a combination of sebum and dead skin cells. Bacterial infection and subsequent inflammation further exacerbate the condition, leading to more severe forms of acne like cystic acne.

Cystic acne happens when:

• Oil glands produce too much oil (sebum)
• Dead skin cells block pores
• Bacteria grow in the blocked pores
• This causes infection, swelling, and pus-filled lumps

Conditions that Cause Cystic Acne

Some health and lifestyle factors can trigger cystic acne:

• Hormonal changes (during puberty, periods, or pregnancy)
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
• High levels of stress
• Poor skin hygiene
• Oily cosmetics or skincare products
• Genetics (if family members have had severe acne)

Symptoms of Cystic Acne

Cystic acne has these signs:

• Large, red, and painful bumps under the skin
• Swelling and tenderness
• Pus-filled lumps that may leak fluid
• Scars left behind after healing
• Skin feels sore or itchy around the area

When to See a Doctor?

You should see a dermatologist if:

• The acne is painful and not going away
• It is spreading or getting worse
• Over-the-counter creams are not helping
• You’re getting scars or dark marks
• Acne is affecting your confidence or mood

Diagnosis of Cystic Acne

Doctors check your skin closely to diagnose cystic acne. In some cases, they may:

• Ask about your medical and skin history
• Do hormone tests (especially for women with PCOS)
• Recommend imaging tests if other conditions are suspected

Treatment and Management of Cystic Acne

Here are some common treatments:

• Topical Creams: Strong creams with retinoids or antibiotics help reduce inflammation.
• Oral Medications:
• Antibiotics: Help fight infection and reduce swelling
• Birth Control Pills: Used for hormonal acne in women
• Isotretinoin (Accutane): A powerful medicine for severe cases
• Steroid Injections: Reduce swelling and pain quickly.
• Chemical Peels or Laser Therapy: Help with scarring after healing.
• Proper Skincare Routine: Use gentle cleansers and non-oily products.

Prevention of Cystic Acne

You can reduce the risk by:

• Wash your face two times a day using a mild face wash.
• Avoid oily skincare or makeup products.
• Not touching or picking at pimples.
• Use sunscreen regularly.
• Managing stress with relaxation methods like yoga or exercise.

Lifestyle Changes for Cystic Acne

These daily habits can help:

• Eat healthy foods and try to eat less sugar and dairy products like milk, cheese, and ice cream.
• Drink plenty of water.
• Keep your pillowcases and towels clean.
• Get enough sleep every night.
• Avoid smoking and alcohol.

Home Remedies for Cystic Acne

Some simple home remedies include:

• Warm Compress: Helps reduce pain and swelling.
• Honey Mask: Natural antibacterial properties soothe the skin.
• Aloe Vera Gel: Reduces redness and helps with healing.
• Tea Tree Oil: Has natural antibacterial effects (use diluted).
• Turmeric Paste: Fights inflammation and bacteria.