Lidocaine: Benefits, Side Effects and Precautions

Lidocaine, also known as lignocaine, is a fast-acting amino amide-type local anesthetic widely used to numb specific areas and manage certain heart rhythm problems.

It is commonly used to relieve skin irritation, reduce pain during minor procedures, and treat conditions like ventricular tachycardia.

What Are the Uses of Lidocaine?

Lidocaine offers pain relief for various skin and medical conditions and is used as an anesthetic in procedures and emergency care.

Conditions Lidocaine Used to Treat

• Relieving Itching and Pain from Skin Conditions:
• Scrapes
• Minor burns
• Eczema
• Insect bites

• Treatment of Hemorrhoids and Anal/Genital Problems:
• Itching around the vagina/rectum

• Alleviating Discomfort from Medical Procedures:
• Used as anesthesia for procedures such as sigmoidoscopy and cystoscopy

• Treatment of Ventricular Tachycardia:
• Used as an anesthesia in the treatment of this heart condition

How Does Lidocaine Work?

Lidocaine works by blocking nerve signals in the body to temporarily stop pain or sensation in the applied area.

It inhibits sodium channels in nerve cells, which prevents pain signals from reaching the brain. When used on the skin or injected, the effect kicks in within minutes.

Dosage Instructions for Lidocaine

Using the correct dose of Lidocaine helps reduce side effects and improves its pain-relieving effectiveness.

• Topical Forms Available: Lidocaine comes in creams, gels, sprays, eye drops, liquids, foams, and medicated patches.

How to Use Lidocaine

• Read Instructions: Follow all directions on the product package or as prescribed by a doctor.
• Clean and Dry Area: Before applying, ensure the affected area is clean and dry.
• Application: Apply a thin layer two to three times daily, or as directed.
• Spray: Shake the canister, hold it 3-5 inches away, and spray until wet. Avoid the eyes, nose, and mouth.
• Foam: Shake thoroughly and apply to the affected area with your hand.
• Avoid Large areas, waterproof bandages, plastic coverings, or heat application unless directed by a doctor.
• Wash Hands: Immediately after use, unless treating hands. Rinse with clean water if the product contacts the eyes, nose, or ears.
• Infections: Do not use on infected areas or sores without consulting a doctor.

What Should I Do If I Miss a Dose of Lidocaine?

• Take as soon as remember. If it is near the time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule.
• Do not double the dose to catch up.

What Happens in Case of an Overdose?

Using too much Lidocaine can cause harmful effects. If overdosed, contact medical professionals immediately.

Overdose Symptoms May Include:

• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Seizures
• Irregular heartbeat
• Confusion
• Breathing difficulties

If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency help right away.

What Are the Side Effects of Lidocaine?

Like all medicines, Lidocaine can cause side effects. Most are mild, but some may need medical attention.

Common Side Effects

• Diarrhea
• Stomach pain
• Discomfort
• Swelling
• Nausea
• Irritation
• Vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Itching

Serious Side Effects

• Seizures
• Rash
• Hives
• Shortness of breath
• Difficulty breathing
• Difficulty swallowing
• Fever
• Chills

Consult your doctor if you experience any serious health problems.

Precautions and Warnings for Lidocaine

Taking precautions before using Lidocaine ensures its safe and effective use, especially in sensitive groups.

• Allergies: Inform your doctor if you are allergic to lidocaine or similar drugs.
• Medical Conditions: Discuss any medical history, such as low blood count, liver, intestinal, or kidney problems.
• MRI: Inform testing personnel if you are scheduled for an MRI, as some brands may contain metals that could cause burns during the procedure.
• Children: Use with caution in children due to increased sensitivity to side effects.
• Pregnancy: Avoid use during pregnancy; discuss risks with your doctor.
• Breastfeeding: The medication passes through breast milk but is unlikely to harm nursing infants. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding.

Possible Interactions with Other Medications

• Drug Interactions: Maintain a list of all products you use, including prescription and nonprescription drugs, and share it with your doctor and pharmacist.
• Consultation: Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medications without consulting your doctor.

How Should Lidocaine Be Stored?

Proper storage helps maintain the effectiveness and safety of Lidocaine.

• Store at room temperature (usually below 25°C)
• Keep away from heat, air, and light.
• Do not freeze
• Keep out of reach of children.

Lidocaine Vs. Bupivacaine

References