Diclofenac Tablet: What It Is, How It Works, and Its Effects

Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely used to manage pain and inflammation. Available under brand names like Voltaren, it comes in multiple forms, including Diclofenac tablets, Diclofenac gel, and Diclofenac injections.

It's commonly prescribed for conditions like arthritis, muscle pain, and menstrual cramps, offering effective relief for many patients. Its benefits include fast-acting pain relief and improved mobility, but it'should be used cautiously due to potential side effects.

What is Diclofenac?

Diclofenac is a medication in the NSAID class, designed to reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation. It's available as Diclofenac sodium or Diclofenac potassium, with forms like oral tablets, topical gels, injections, and even eye drops for specific uses.

It's marketed under names such as Voltaren, Cataflam, and Cambia and is used to treat a range of conditions, including arthritis and post-surgical pain.You can consult ourorthopedic specialists for expert guidance on managing joint pain and arthritis symptoms effectively.

What Are the Uses of Diclofenac?

Diclofenac is a versatile NSAID used to reduce pain and inflammation across a range of conditions. Its benefits stem from its ability to target the underlying inflammatory processes in the body.

Here's a detailed explanation of its uses:

1. Diclofenac for Back Pain:

This medication is frequently prescribed for both acute and chronic back pain, whether it's due to muscle strains, injuries, or conditions like sciatica. It works by reducing inflammation in the affected area, providing relief and improving mobility.

2. Diclofenac for Fever:

Diclofenac is also effective in reducing fever by lowering the body's temperature, which helps alleviate discomfort associated with infections or inflammatory conditions.

3. Diclofenac for Headache:

For moderate headaches and migraines, especially those linked to inflammation, diclofenac can provide relief. It helps reduce pain and eases symptoms like tension or throbbing.

4. Diclofenac for Knee Pain:

Diclofenac is beneficial for knee pain resulting from injury, overuse, or arthritis. It reduces inflammation in the knee joint, easing pain and helping restore normal movement.

5. Diclofenac for Muscle Pain:

Whether from muscle strain, injury, or overuse, diclofenac is effective in relieving muscle pain by reducing inflammation, easing discomfort, and promoting faster recovery.

6. Diclofenac for Stomach Pain:

While sometimes used for stomach pain caused by conditions like gastritis or inflammation, diclofenac should be used cautiously due to its potential to irritate the stomach lining.

7. Diclofenac for Tooth Pain:

After dental procedures, or for issues like tooth decay or gum disease, diclofenac can provide relief by reducing pain and swelling in the affected area, aiding in faster healing.

8. Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis:

Diclofenac is FDA-approved for managing the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, reducing inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain.

9. Ankylosing Spondylitis:

It is also used to treat ankylosing spondylitis, a type of arthritis primarily affecting the spine.

10. Painful Menstrual Periods:

Diclofenac tablets (Cataflam) are used to treat painful menstrual periods.

11. Migraine Headaches:

Diclofenac solution (Cambia) is used for the acute treatment of migraine attacks in adults.

12. Diclofenac Injection Uses
Diclofenac sodium injection is often used for managing acute pain, such as post-operative pain or severe migraines, especially when oral administration is not possible. It provides rapid relief and is commonly administered in hospital settings.

Secondary Uses of Diclofenac

Beyond its primary uses, diclofenac has been used off-label for conditions such as biliary colic, corneal abrasion, and post-episiotomy pain.

Diclofenac 1% gel is available over the counter for arthritic pain management. Topical diclofenac 3% gel is also used to treat actinic keratosis, a skin condition that can become cancerous.

For patients dealing with chronic joint pain or arthritis,advanced orthopedic care is available with comprehensive diagnosis and treatment options.

Comparison of Diclofenac Formulations and Uses

How Does Diclofenac Work?

Diclofenac, like other NSAIDs, primarily works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are substances in the body that cause pain, fever, and inflammation. It achieves this by blocking the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2.

While its main action is through COX inhibition, research suggests that diclofenac may also have other mechanisms of action, including inhibiting the thromboxane-prostanoid receptor and affecting arachidonic acid release.

How diclofenac gel works is by penetrating the skin to reduce inflammation in the underlying tissues without affecting the stomach like oral NSAIDs might.

How to Use Diclofenac Oral

Maximize the effectiveness of your treatment with Diclofenac by understanding how to take it orally.

Before Use

• Read the instructions provided by your doctor or pharmacist before starting and each time you refill.

How to Take

• Take by mouth with a full glass of water.
• Do not lie down for at least 10 minutes after taking it.
• Can be taken with food, milk, or an antacid to reduce stomach upset.
• Swallow whole - do not crush or chew unless advised.

If you're wondering how to use diclofenac sodium tablet, always follow your doctor's directions and take it with food or antacids to prevent gastric discomfort.

Diclofenac Dosage

The Diclofenac dose varies based on the condition, form, and patient factors. Always follow your doctor's instructions. General guidelines include:

• Children: Dosage depends on age and condition; consult a doctor.
• Adjustments: Lower doses are used for elderly patients or those with kidney/liver issues.

What Should I Do If I Miss a Dose of Diclofenac?

If you miss a dose of diclofenac, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.

Do not take an extra dose to make up for a missed one. If you frequently miss doses, consider setting a reminder or discussing the issue with your doctor to explore potential adjustments to your schedule.

What happens if an Overdose?

Exceeding the prescribed dosage of diclofenac can lead to an overdose, which may result in poisoning or severe side effects. It is crucial not to take more medication than advised, as this will not improve symptoms and can be dangerous.

Symptoms of overdose

Symptoms of a diclofenac overdose can include stomach ache, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. More severe overdose symptoms may involve seizures, coma, or cardiovascular events.

What to avoid

In case of an overdose, seek immediate medical help. Do not share your medication with others to prevent the risk of overdose.

What to Avoid:

• Alcohol, which increases stomach bleeding risk.
• Lying down for 10 minutes after taking oral forms to prevent irritation.
• Crushing or chewing tablets unless instructed.

Dosage Note: Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest time to minimize side effects.
Consultation: Always follow your doctor's prescribed dose of Diclofenac.

What Are the Side Effects of Diclofenac?

Diclofenac, like all medications, can cause side effects, ranging from common and mild to severe but rare. It's important to be aware of these potential effects.

Common Side Effects:

• Upset stomach
• Nausea
• Heartburn
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Gas
• Headache
• Sleepiness
• Dizziness
• Blood Pressure Changes

Allergic Reactions:

• Rash
• Itching
• Swelling (especially face/tongue/throat)
• Extreme dizziness
• Difficulty breathing

Notify the Doctor Immediately for:

• Hearing changes (such as ringing in the ears)
• Mental/mood changes
• Difficult/painful swallowing
• Symptoms of heart failure (swelling of ankles/feet, unusual weakness, sudden weight gain)
• Symptoms of kidney complications (changes in urine volume)
• Unexplained stiff neck
• Signs of severe liver disease (dark urine, nausea/vomiting/loss of appetite, stomach/abdominal pain, jaundice)

If you experience any severe diclofenac adverse effects, consult your doctor immediately.

Precautions and Warnings

Before taking diclofenac, it is crucial to be aware of certain precautions and warnings to ensure safe use.

Who should avoid this medicine?

Individuals with a history of allergic reactions to diclofenac, aspirin, or other NSAIDs should avoid diclofenac. It is also contraindicated in patients with established ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease, or congestive heart failure (NYHA classification II-IV).

Patients who have recently undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery should not use diclofenac due to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.

Conditions where caution is needed

Caution is needed when using diclofenac in patients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeds or ulcerations, and special monitoring may be considered for those with a history of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Patients with significant risk factors for cardiovascular events, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, or smoking, should use diclofenac only after careful consideration.

Individuals with asthma, bleeding or coagulation issues, liver disease, nasal polyps, or stomach/intestinal/esophagus disorders should inform their doctor before taking diclofenac.

Are There Any Age Restrictions for Using Diclofenac?

Diclofenac is generally not recommended for children under 12 years of age for certain indications, as safety and efficacy have not been established. Older adults may be at a higher risk of certain complications and should use diclofenac with caution.

Alcohol or food interactions

Drinking alcohol while taking diclofenac can increase the risk of stomach bleeding and ulcers. It is advisable to limit alcohol consumption to national guidelines (no more than 14 units a week) or avoid it altogether to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal irritation. Apart from limiting alcohol, you can generally eat and drink normally while taking diclofenac.

You can also visit ourhospital for expert consultation and safe medication guidance.

Possible Interactions with Other Medications (Drug Interactions)

Diclofenac can interact with various other medications, supplements, and herbal products, potentially affecting its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.

Overview of how this medicine may interact with other drugs

It is crucial to provide your doctor and pharmacist with a complete list of all medications you are currently using, including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products. Do not adjust your medication dosage without your doctor's permission.

Some products that could interact with diclofenac include:

• Aliskiren
• ACE inhibitors (e.g., captopril, lisinopril)
• Angiotensin II receptor blockers (e.g., valsartan, losartan)
• Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone)
• Cidofovir
• Lithium
• Methotrexate
• Diuretics

Possible impact when combined with supplements, herbal products

Use caution with other medications that may cause bleeding, such as antiplatelet medications and blood thinners (e.g., warfarin), as diclofenac can increase the risk of bleeding.

Review labels of prescription and non-prescription pain relievers and fever reducers carefully, as they may increase the risk of side effects when taken with diclofenac. If you are taking low-dose aspirin for heart attack or stroke prevention, continue it only if advised by your doctor.

How Should Diclofenac Be Stored?

Proper storage of diclofenac is essential to maintain its effectiveness and ensure safety.

Recommended Storage Temperature for Diclofenac

Diclofenac sodium should be stored at room temperature, typically between 15-30°C (59-86°F). Topical diclofenac gel and topical solution should also be stored at room temperature, between 20-25°C (68-77°F), and should not be frozen.

What Happens If Diclofenac Is Not Stored Properly?

Improper storage can lead to the degradation of the medication, reducing its effectiveness. It is important to keep diclofenac in a tightly closed container, away from excessive heat, direct light, and moisture.

Keep away from children, sunlight, or moisture.

Always keep diclofenac out of the reach of children and pets. Avoid storing medications in the bathroom, where they can be exposed to moisture and heat. Dispose of outdated or unneeded medication properly, preferably through a drug take-back program, to prevent.

Diclofenac vs Aceclofenac

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