040 68334455
WhatsApp
Patient Portal
Home Care
Thoracic Aortic Ectasia: Diagnosis and Treatments
Written by Medicover Team and Medically Reviewed by Dr S. Srikar Samir Nandan , Cardiologist
Thoracic aortic ectasia refers to the abnormal widening (dilatation) of the thoracic section of the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
This condition can become serious over time as it may increase the risk of complications like aneurysm or rupture if not carefully monitored and managed.
Causes of Thoracic Aortic Ectasia
Genetic Factors
- Some people are born with genetic conditions like Marfan syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
- These disorders weaken the aortic wall, making it prone to dilation.
- The weakening happens because of problems in proteins like fibrillin and collagen that help keep the aortic wall strong.
Hypertension
High blood pressure is another common cause. When the pressure of blood flow remains high for a long time, it puts strain on the aorta. Over time, this can cause the wall to stretch and become weak.
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis occurs when fatty deposits (plaques) build up in the arteries. These plaques harden the aorta and reduce its flexibility, which increases the risk of the wall expanding under pressure.
Age-Related Changes
As we grow older, our blood vessels naturally lose elasticity. The aortic wall becomes less flexible and more likely to stretch.
This age-related wear and tear increases the chances of developing ectasia.
Get a second opinion from trusted experts and makeconfident, informed decisions.
Get Second OpinionSymptoms of Thoracic Aortic Ectasia
In many cases, thoracic aortic ectasia does not show any symptoms in the early stages. But as it progresses, the following signs may appear:
- Chest Pain: Discomfort or pressure in the chest due to the enlarged aorta.
- Back Pain: The aorta can press against nearby tissues, causing back pain.
- Shortness of Breath: A large aorta may compress airways, making it hard to breathe.
- Hoarseness: Feeling Nerve compression near the aorta can change your voice.
Radiologic Diagnosis of Thoracic Aortic Ectasia
Accurate imaging is essential for identifying, assessing, and monitoring thoracic aortic ectasia, even before symptoms appear.
Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
CT scans are very accurate and commonly used to detect thoracic aortic ectasia. A contrast-enhanced CT angiogram gives a clear image of the aorta's size and any other complications like dissection or aneurysm.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
MRI is another reliable test, especially useful for patients who cannot have contrast dye. It shows detailed images of the aortic wall and nearby structures.
Echocardiography
This is a non-invasive test that uses ultrasound to check the aorta. While it may not be as detailed as CT or MRI, it is helpful for regular monitoring and first-time screenings.
Treatment Options for Thoracic Aortic Ectasia
The treatment of thoracic aortic ectasia depends on the severity of the aortic dilation, underlying causes, and overall health of the patient. While mild cases may only require regular monitoring and medication, more advanced or high-risk conditions might need surgical intervention
Medical Management
If the condition is mild and not causing symptoms, doctors often recommend medication and monitoring.
- Blood Pressure Control: Medicines like beta-blockers or ACE inhibitors help lower blood pressure and reduce pressure on the aorta.
- Cholesterol Management: Statins and similar drugs reduce plaque buildup, keeping the aorta healthier.
Surgical Intervention
Surgery is usually needed when the aorta is severely dilated or if complications like aneurysm or dissection arise.
- Aortic Repair: This involves removing the damaged part of the aorta and replacing it with a synthetic tube (graft).
- Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR): A less invasive surgery where a stent-graft is placed inside the aorta through a small incision in the groin. This helps support the aorta and prevent rupture.
Lifestyle Modifications
Patients can take certain steps to support their treatment:
- Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity.
- Eat a heart-healthy diet low in cholesterol and saturated fats.
- Go for regular follow-up scans to check the aorta's size.
When to See a Doctor?
If you experience chest pain, shortness of breath, or hoarseness that lasts more than a few days, see a doctor immediately. Older adults, especially those with a family history of connective tissue disorders or high blood pressure, should get regular check-ups.
Doctors can detect thoracic aortic ectasia early and provide treatments to prevent serious complications.
Your health is everything - prioritize your well-being today.
Consult Thoracic Aortic Ectasia Doctors Today
Our Experience in Treating Thoracic Aortic Ectasia
At Medicover, we care for every patient with commitment and compassion. Our team uses the latest imaging technology and personalized care plans to manage thoracic aortic ectasia effectively.
From diagnosis to surgery and long-term care, we ensure each patient feels supported, safe, and well-informed throughout their treatment journey.
