Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome: Signs, Causes and Treatment

Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects multiple systems in the body. This condition is caused by mutations in a specific gene, leading to various developmental abnormalities. The syndrome is characterized by intellectual disability, growth retardation, and distinctive facial features. While the exact prevalence of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome is not well-established, it is considered a rare condition. 

The genetic mutations responsible for this syndrome can be inherited from parents or occur spontaneously in affected individuals. Understanding the genetic basis of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome is crucial for diagnosis and management. Patients with this syndrome may require comprehensive medical care and support to address the complex challenges associated with the condition. Genetic

Symptoms of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome

Common symptoms may include intellectual disability, growth retardation, distinctive facial features like a prominent forehead and sparse hair, hearing loss, and abnormalities in the bones of the hands and feet.  Patients with Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome may also experience vision problems, delayed development, and heart defects.  It's essential for individuals with these symptoms to seek medical evaluation and genetic testing for proper diagnosis and management of the condition.

  • Individuals with Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome may exhibit intellectual disability, affecting their cognitive abilities and learning.
  • Growth retardation is a common symptom of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome, resulting in short stature and delayed physical development.
  • Facial dysmorphism, such as a prominent forehead, low-set ears, and a broad nasal bridge, is often observed in individuals with this syndrome.
  • Patients with Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome may experience hearing loss or impairment, affecting their auditory function.
  • Congenital heart defects, including abnormalities in the structure or function of the heart, are prevalent in individuals with this syndrome.

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Causes of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome

This syndrome is primarily caused by mutations in the SNAP29 gene, which plays a crucial role in various cellular processes.  The syndrome is characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, growth hormone deficiency, and distinctive facial features.  While the exact mechanisms linking the gene mutations to the specific clinical manifestations are not fully understood, research suggests that disruptions in protein trafficking and cell communication contribute to the diverse symptoms observed in individuals with this syndrome.

  • Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome can be caused by mutations in the TBCK gene, leading to developmental delays and intellectual disabilities.
  • Genetic alterations in the TBCK gene may result in the characteristic features of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome, such as facial abnormalities and growth retardation.
  • In some cases, Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome is associated with microcephaly, a condition where the head is smaller than average due to abnormal brain development.
  • Environmental factors or unknown genetic factors may also contribute to the development of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome, although research in this area is ongoing.
  • Individuals with Sackey–Sakati–

Types Of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome

Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome, also known as cerebellar ataxia with hypogonadism and chorioretinal dystrophy (CAHDR), is a rare genetic disorder with various types. These types may include individuals presenting with ataxia, intellectual disability, hypogonadism, and chorioretinal dystrophy, among other symptoms. The syndrome is characterized by a triad of cerebellar ataxia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and chorioretinal dystrophy. Though the specific subtypes and variations within this syndrome may differ in severity and presentation, the core features typically involve these three main components.

  • Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects multiple organ systems.
  • This syndrome is characterized by intellectual disability, growth retardation, and distinctive facial features.
  • Individuals with Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome may have microcephaly, short stature, and developmental delays.
  • Other common features include ear abnormalities, dental issues, and genital anomalies.
  • Treatment for Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome is typically focused on managing symptoms and providing supportive care.
  • Genetic counseling is recommended for families affected by this syndrome to understand the inheritance pattern.

Risk Factors

Sackey-Sakati-Aur Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with various risk factors that can contribute to its development. The syndrome is primarily caused by mutations in the TBCK gene, leading to developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and distinctive facial features. Consanguinity, or the mating of close relatives, is a significant risk factor for this syndrome due to the autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Additionally, a family history of the syndrome or related genetic conditions can increase the likelihood of a child being affected. Early identification and genetic counseling are crucial for families at risk of Sackey-Sakati-Aur Syndrome.

  • Consanguineous marriages increase the risk of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome due to genetic predisposition within close relatives.
  • Genetic mutations or abnormalities can predispose individuals to developing Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome.
  • Environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins or certain substances during pregnancy, may contribute to the development of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome.
  • Maternal health conditions, including diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy, can increase the risk of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome in offspring.
  • Family history of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome or other genetic disorders can elevate the risk of inheriting the syndrome.

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Diagnosis of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome

Initially, the healthcare provider will conduct a thorough physical examination to assess the patient's symptoms and medical history.  This is followed by genetic testing to identify mutations in the TBCE gene associated with the syndrome.  Imaging studies such as X-rays or MRIs may be performed to evaluate skeletal abnormalities or brain structures.  Additionally, hormonal tests might be conducted to assess pituitary function as endocrine abnormalities are common in this syndrome.  Collaborating with various specialists like geneticists, endocrinologists, and radiologists is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of Sackey-Sakati-Aur Syndrome.

  • Genetic testing to identify mutations in the RNU4ATAC gene associated with Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome.
  • Clinical evaluation based on characteristic features such as intellectual disability, growth retardation, and facial dysmorphism.
  • Radiological imaging for skeletal abnormalities like short stature, delayed bone age, and vertebral anomalies.
  • Endocrine tests to assess hormone levels that may be affected in individuals with the syndrome.
  • Audiological assessment to check for hearing impairment commonly seen in individuals with Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome.

Treatment for Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome

Treatment options for Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome focus on managing the symptoms and improving the quality of life for affected individuals. 

  • Medical management includes addressing specific symptoms such as intellectual disability, growth retardation, and congenital heart defects through a multidisciplinary approach involving pediatricians, geneticists, cardiologists, and other specialists.
  • Early intervention programs are crucial to support developmental delays in children with Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome, including speech therapy, occupational therapy, and educational interventions tailored to individual needs.
  • Regular monitoring and follow-up with healthcare providers are essential to track the progression of the condition, manage associated health issues, and adjust treatment plans accordingly.
  • Genetic counseling plays a vital role in providing families with information
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Frequently Asked Questions

Are there specific signs that indicate Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome?

Yes, key signs of Sackey-Sakati-Aur Syndrome include growth retardation, intellectual disability, and distinctive facial features.

What lifestyle changes should I make to manage Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome effectively?

Maintain a healthy weight, eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

Can Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome lead to other health issues?

Yes, Sackey-Sakati-Aur Syndrome can lead to developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and growth retardation.

What steps should I take for the management of Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome?

Manage Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome with regular monitoring, symptom management, nutritional support, genetic counseling, and addressing specific health issues as they arise.

Are there any signs that Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome might recur after treatment?

Signs of recurrence in Sackey–Sakati–Aur Syndrome may include developmental delays, organ dysfunction, or neurological symptoms; regular monitoring is essential.

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