Managing Mycobacterial Infections: Causes and Treatment

Treatment duration can range from 12 months to several years, and surgical intervention may be necessary for severe cases.

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Prevention and Control

BCG Vaccine: Provides partial protection against TB, particularly in children.

Infection Control Practices: Use of masks, proper ventilation, and isolation of infectious patients.

Screening and Treatment of Latent TB: Identifying and treating individuals with latent TB infection to prevent progression to active disease.

Early Diagnosis and Treatment: Reduces transmission and prevents complications.

Contact Tracing: Identifying and screening close contacts of leprosy patients.

Environmental Controls: Reducing exposure to contaminated water and soil.

Good Hygiene Practices: Proper wound care and avoiding exposure to potential sources of NTM.

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Mycobacterial infections, including tuberculosis, are caused by bacteria in the Mycobacterium family, often spread through the air.

Symptoms include persistent cough, weight loss, fever, and night sweats, depending on the type of infection.

Diagnosis involves skin tests, blood tests, and imaging studies like chest X-rays.

Treatment includes long-term antibiotic therapy and monitoring for drug resistance.

Certain types, such as tuberculosis, are highly contagious and require isolation during treatment.

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