High Ankle Sprains: Insights into Causes and Treatment Solutions

High ankle sprains, unlike the more common lateral ankle sprains, involve the ligaments above the ankle joint. These sprains are often more complex and can be more challenging to diagnose and treat.

What is a High Ankle Sprain?

A high ankle sprain, medically known as a syndesmotic sprain, occurs when there is an injury to the ligaments connecting the tibia and fibula above the ankle joint. These ligaments, known as the syndesmotic ligaments, play a crucial role in stabilizing the lower leg and ankle. Understanding the distinction between high ankle sprains and other types of ankle injuries is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Causes of High Ankle Sprains

High Ankle Sprain Causes

High ankle sprains typically occur due to a twisting or rotational force applied to the ankle. Activities that involve sudden changes in direction or high-impact landings, such as football, basketball, and skiing, are common culprits. The mechanism of injury often involves external rotation of the foot relative to the leg, placing stress on the syndesmotic ligaments.

Risk Factors

Several factors may predispose individuals to high ankle sprains, including:

Athletic Activities: Engaging in sports that involve frequent running, jumping, or pivoting increases the risk.
Previous Ankle Injuries: A history of ankle injuries can weaken the ligaments and make them more susceptible to future sprains.
Improper Footwear: Inadequate footwear that does not provide proper support can increase the risk of injury.
Uneven Surfaces: Walking or running on uneven or slippery surfaces can lead to ankle sprains.

Get a second opinion from trusted experts and makeconfident, informed decisions.

Get Second Opinion

Symptoms of High Ankle Sprains

The symptoms of high ankle sprains can vary in intensity depending on the severity of the injury. Common signs and symptoms include:

Pain Above the Ankle: Unlike typical ankle sprains, the pain is located above the ankle joint.
Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and discoloration may occur around the injury site.
Difficulty Bearing Weight: Walking or putting weight on the affected foot can be painful and difficult.
Limited Range of Motion: The range of motion in the ankle may be restricted.

Diagnosis of High Ankle Sprains

High Ankle Sprain Diagnosis

Diagnosing a high ankle sprain requires a thorough clinical examination by a healthcare professional. The process typically involves:

Physical Examination: The physician will assess the range of motion, swelling, and tenderness around the ankle.
Stress Tests: Specific stress tests may be performed to evaluate the integrity of the syndesmotic ligaments.
Imaging Studies: X-rays, MRI, or CT scans may be ordered to assess the extent of the injury and rule out fractures.

Treatment Options for High Ankle Sprains

Non-Surgical Treatment

Most high ankle sprains can be managed conservatively with non-surgical treatment options:

Rest and Immobilization: Resting the affected leg and using a brace or walking boot can help reduce stress on the ligaments.
Ice Therapy: Applying ice packs can help reduce swelling and alleviate pain.
Compression and Elevation: Compression bandages and elevating the leg can minimize swelling.
Pain Management: Pain relievers such as ibuprofen can help manage pain and inflammation.

Surgical Intervention

In severe cases where the ligaments are significantly damaged or unstable, surgical intervention may be necessary. The surgical procedure typically involves repairing the damaged ligaments and may require the use of screws or other fixation devices to stabilize the bones.

Your health is everything - prioritize your well-being today.

Schedule Your Appointment

Rehabilitation and Ankle Sprain Exercises

Rehabilitation is a crucial component of recovery from a high ankle sprain. A structured rehabilitation program, guided by a physical therapist, can help restore strength, flexibility, and function to the ankle.

Ankle Sprain Exercises

Exercises designed to improve range of motion, strength, and balance are essential for a successful recovery. Common exercises include:

Range of Motion Exercises: Gentle movements such as ankle circles and toe raises can help improve flexibility.
Strengthening Exercises: Resistance exercises using bands or weights can help strengthen the muscles around the ankle.
Balance and Proprioception Exercises: Activities such as standing on one leg or using a balance board can enhance stability and coordination.

Prevention of High Ankle Sprains

Preventing high ankle sprains involves adopting strategies to minimize the risk of injury:

Proper Footwear: Wearing supportive shoes that fit well can help protect the ankle.
Warm-Up and Stretching: Engaging in a proper warm-up routine before physical activity can prepare the muscles and ligaments for exertion.
Strength and Conditioning: Strengthening the muscles around the ankle and maintaining overall fitness can reduce the likelihood of injury.
Awareness of Environment: Being mindful of uneven surfaces and potential hazards can help prevent accidents.

Find Our Specialists

Book Doctor Appointment