Dolichocephaly

Dolichocephaly is a condition where the head shape is longer than typical, often referred to as a "long-headed" shape. The causes of dolichocephaly can vary, with some cases being attributed to genetics, meaning it may run in families. In other instances, dolichocephaly can be linked to factors during development in the womb that affect skull growth. Babies born prematurely or experiencing abnormal pressure on their head during birth may also be at increased risk for developing dolichocephaly.

What Are the Symptoms of Dolichocephaly

Dolichocephaly, a condition where the head shape is longer than typical, may present with symptoms such as an elongated head shape, possible facial asymmetry, and a prominent forehead. In some cases, individuals with dolichocephaly might experience issues with head positioning, such as difficulty lying flat or turning their head.

Developmental delays or neurological symptoms can also occur in severe cases. If you notice any of these signs in yourself or a loved one, consulting a healthcare provider for an evaluation is recommended to determine the appropriate management or treatment options.

Irregular head shape, where the skull is longer than usual, is a prominent sign of dolichocephaly.
Delayed developmental milestones, such as sitting up or crawling, may be observed in infants with dolichocephaly.
Headaches, particularly in the back of the head, can be a symptom of dolichocephaly due to increased pressure within the skull.
Vision problems, such as double vision or difficulty focusing, can occur in individuals with dolichocephaly.
Speech difficulties, including issues with articulation or language development, may be associated with dolichocephaly.

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Causes of Dolichocephaly

Dolichocephaly can be caused by premature fusion of skull sutures, leading to abnormal head shape development.
Genetic factors can contribute to dolichocephaly, with certain inherited traits impacting skull growth and structure.
Intrauterine constraint during fetal development may result in dolichocephaly, affecting the skull's form in the womb.
Prolonged pressure on the baby's head during childbirth can sometimes lead to dolichocephaly, altering skull shape.
Certain medical conditions like craniosynostosis, a disorder where skull sutures close prematurely, can cause dolichocephaly in individuals.

Types Of Dolichocephaly

There are different types of dolichocephaly, including anterior dolichocephaly, posterior dolichocephaly, and true dolichocephaly. Anterior dolichocephaly is characterized by elongation of the front part of the skull, while posterior dolichocephaly involves elongation at the back. True dolichocephaly refers to an overall elongation of the entire skull.

These variations may result from different underlying causes and can sometimes be associated with certain medical conditions or developmental abnormalities.

Primary dolichocephaly is characterized by a long, narrow head shape.
Secondary dolichocephaly can result from various medical conditions or external factors.
True dolichocephaly refers to a genetically determined long head shape.
Acquired dolichocephaly may develop due to premature closure of cranial sutures.
Positional dolichocephaly can occur from prolonged pressure on the infant's head.
Syndromic dolichocephaly is associated with specific genetic syndromes.
Non-syndromic dolichocephaly occurs without any underlying genetic conditions.
Mixed dolichocephaly may involve a combination of genetic and acquired factors.

Risk Factors

Dolichocephaly, a condition characterized by a disproportionately long skull shape, may result from various risk factors. These include genetic predisposition, where certain families have a higher likelihood of developing dolichocephaly. Additionally, intrauterine constraints during fetal development, such as limited space in the womb, can also contribute to this condition.

Premature birth, certain medical conditions affecting skull growth, and environmental factors like maternal smoking during pregnancy are other potential risk factors associated with dolichocephaly. Understanding these factors can help in early detection and appropriate management of dolichocephaly.

Prolonged time spent in a supine position during infancy can increase the risk of dolichocephaly.
Premature birth and associated factors may contribute to the development of dolichocephaly in newborns.
Genetic predisposition or family history of dolichocephaly can elevate the likelihood of inheriting the condition.
Multiple births, such as twins or triplets, have a higher incidence of dolichocephaly compared to single births.
Intrauterine constraint due to limited space in the womb can lead to dolichocephaly in some infants.

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Diagnosis of Dolichocephaly

Diagnosis of dolichocephaly typically involves physical examination and head measurements.
Radiological imaging, such as CT scans or MRI, can help assess cranial shape and size.
Genetic testing may be considered to evaluate underlying genetic factors contributing to dolichocephaly.
Detailed medical history review is essential to identify any potential causes or associated conditions.
Consulting with specialists like pediatric neurosurgeons or geneticists may aid in the diagnostic process.

Treatment for Dolichocephaly

Dolichocephaly, a condition characterized by a disproportionately long head shape, may require various treatment approaches depending on its severity and underlying cause. In infants, repositioning techniques during sleep and tummy time exercises are commonly recommended to prevent worsening of the condition. In more severe cases or when associated with craniosynostosis, a surgical intervention such as cranial vault remodeling may be necessary to reshape the skull and allow for normal brain growth. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in managing dolichocephaly to prevent complications and ensure optimal outcomes for the affected individual. Consulting with a healthcare provider, particularly a pediatrician or a specialist in craniofacial disorders, is essential for developing a personalized treatment plan.

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