Pediatric nephrologists work closely with pediatric patients and their families to provide individualized care plans that address the unique needs and challenges faced by children with kidney disorders. They play a critical role in monitoring growth and development, educating families about managing the condition, and collaborating with other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive care. Research and advancements in pediatric nephrology continue to improve outcomes for young patients with kidney-related issues.

Diagnostic Tests for Pediatric Nephrology

Diagnostic tests play a crucial role in the evaluation and diagnosis of pediatric nephrology conditions. These tests help pediatric nephrologists identify the underlying cause of kidney-related issues in children. Here are some common diagnostic tests used in pediatric nephrology:

• Urinalysis: Urinalysis is a routine test that examines the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of the urine. It helps detect abnormalities such as proteinuria (presence of protein in the urine), hematuria (blood in the urine), and the presence of cells or casts that may indicate kidney disease.
• Blood Tests:
  • Various blood tests are used to assess kidney function and identify specific markers related to kidney diseases. Common blood tests include:
  • Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine: Measures waste product levels in the blood to assess kidney function.
  • Serum Electrolytes: Evaluates levels of sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate, which can be affected by kidney disorders.
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): Calculates the rate at which the kidneys filter waste from the blood.
• Kidney Biopsy:
• A kidney biopsy involves the removal of a small tissue sample from the kidney for examination under a microscope. It helps diagnose glomerular and other kidney diseases that may not be evident through other tests. Kidney biopsies are performed under ultrasound or CT guidance and can provide valuable information about the extent and nature of kidney damage
• Renal Imaging:
• Imaging studies are used to visualize the kidneys and the urinary tract. Common imaging techniques include:
• Ultrasound: Non-invasive and commonly used to evaluate kidney size, structure, and detect abnormalities.
• CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Provides detailed cross-sectional images of the kidneys and surrounding structures.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the kidneys.
• Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG):
• VCUG is a special X-ray procedure used to assess the structure and function of the bladder and the urethra during voiding (urination). It helps diagnose urinary tract abnormalities and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), where urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidneys.
• Nuclear Scans:
• Nuclear medicine scans, such as a DMSA scan (dimercaptosuccinic acid scan) or MAG3 scan (mercaptoacetyltriglycine scan), are used to evaluate kidney function and detect any scarring or abnormalities.
• Genetic Testing:
• Genetic testing may be conducted when there is a suspected underlying genetic cause for certain kidney conditions, such as congenital kidney anomalies or inherited kidney diseases.
• Urodynamic Studies:
• Urodynamic studies are performed to assess how the bladder and urethra store and release urine. They can help identify issues with bladder function and urinary incontinence.

These diagnostic tests, along with a comprehensive medical history and physical examination, assist pediatric nephrologists in making accurate diagnoses and formulating individualized treatment plans for children with kidney-related conditions. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for timely intervention and improved outcomes in pediatric nephrology.

Procedures for Pediatric Nephrology

In pediatric nephrology, various procedures are performed to diagnose and manage kidney-related conditions in children. These procedures help pediatric nephrologists gain important insights into the function and structure of the kidneys, as well as aid in the treatment of specific kidney disorders. Here are some common procedures used in pediatric nephrology:

• Kidney Biopsy:
• A kidney biopsy involves the removal of a small piece of kidney tissue for examination under a microscope. It is typically done using a long needle inserted through the skin and into the kidney. Kidney biopsies are performed under ultrasound or CT guidance to ensure accuracy and safety. This procedure helps diagnose glomerular diseases, kidney infections, and other kidney disorders.
• Peritoneal Dialysis (PD):
• Peritoneal dialysis is a treatment option for children with acute or chronic kidney failure. During PD, a catheter is surgically placed in the child's abdomen, and a special fluid (dialysate) is introduced into the peritoneal cavity. The fluid absorbs waste and excess fluids from the bloodstream, which are then drained out of the body. PD can be performed at home, offering more flexibility for young patients and their families.
• Hemodialysis:
• Hemodialysis is another form of kidney replacement therapy used in children with end-stage kidney disease. During hemodialysis, the child's blood is circulated through a dialysis machine, where it is filtered to remove waste products and excess fluids before returning to the body. Hemodialysis is usually performed in a specialized dialysis center, and each session typically lasts several hours.
• Vascular Access Placement:
• For children requiring hemodialysis or other intravenous therapies, a vascular access is created to allow repeated access to the bloodstream. Vascular access options include arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), arteriovenous grafts (AVGs), and central venous catheters (CVCs).
• Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT):
• CRRT is a specialized form of dialysis used in critically ill children who cannot tolerate conventional hemodialysis. It is a continuous, slow, and gentle form of dialysis that is typically performed in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting.
• Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG):
• VCUG is a radiographic procedure used to assess the bladder and urethra during voiding (urination). It helps diagnose urinary tract abnormalities, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and other conditions affecting the urinary tract.
• Urodynamic Studies:
• Urodynamic studies evaluate the function of the bladder and urethra during filling and voiding. These tests help identify issues with bladder function, urinary incontinence, and other urinary tract problems.
• Insertion of Nephrostomy Tube:
• In cases of kidney obstruction or severe hydronephrosis, a nephrostomy tube may be inserted into the kidney to drain urine directly from the renal pelvis.
• Renal Angiogram and Angioplasty:
• Renal angiography is a procedure used to visualize the blood vessels in the kidneys. In some cases, angioplasty may be performed during the procedure to treat narrowed or blocked blood vessels.
• Renal Stone Management:
• Pediatric nephrologists may use various procedures to manage kidney stones in children, including shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopy.

These procedures are essential for diagnosing kidney conditions, assessing kidney function, providing kidney replacement therapy, and managing complications related to kidney disorders in pediatric patients. Each procedure is tailored to the individual needs of the child and is performed with utmost care and consideration for the young patient's well-being.

Our Pediatric Nephrologists

Pediatric Nephrologists are medical doctors who specialize in the diagnosis and management of kidney-related disorders in children, from infancy through adolescence. They are trained and board-certified in both pediatrics and nephrology, making them uniquely qualified to care for young patients with kidney conditions.

About Medicover Services

Medicover is a leading European healthcare provider that offers a wide range of medical services, including pediatric care and subspecialties like pediatric nephrology. It operates clinics, hospitals, and medical centers in multiple countries, providing high-quality healthcare services to patients of all ages.

Pediatric Nephrology services at Medicover would involve a dedicated team of pediatric nephrologists and healthcare professionals specializing in the diagnosis and management of kidney-related conditions in children. The Pediatric Nephrology team at Medicover is likely to provide comprehensive care for young patients with various kidney disorders, offering the latest diagnostic techniques and treatment options tailored to the specific needs of each child.

Services offered by Medicover's Pediatric Nephrology team may include: